Essence 2.0 is a proven, industry-ready solution to enhance America’s cybersecurity posture. The technology is used by cybersecurity teams and operating engineers to protect key systems against unknown, emerging threats. 

Essence 2.0 has been developed in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Energy and NRECA’s development partners, BlackByte Cyber Security LLC. and Referentia Systems.

Download the full fact sheet to learn more.

New technology developed to rapidly identify and defend against emerging cybersecurity threats is being demonstrated at a growing number of electric cooperatives nationwide.

The technology is being developed by NRECA and its partners BlackByte Cyber Security LLC and Referentia Systems Inc. through a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy. Essence 2.0 monitors for cyberthreats and instantly provides key indicators to utility experts to defend systems against emerging threats. Using a set of algorithms, Essence 2.0 continuously assesses power grids for anything out of the ordinary. When unusual circumstances are detected, the technology provides real-time indicators, which allows for informed decision making to counter the threat. 

“We are choosing partner electric cooperatives to help demonstrate and advance the capabilities of this platform,” said Emma Stewart, chief scientist at NRECA. “Being able to identify emerging threats in real time is the most important element of this approach so that electric cooperatives and other users can adapt quickly—not weeks later—to protect their systems.

“Our goal is to gain the most coverage from this technology for protecting the nation’s electric system and providing real-time situational awareness of the grid,” Stewart said. “Essence 2.0 can be used by cybersecurity teams and operating engineers to protect key systems against unknown, emerging threats. No other tool combines this capability for IT and OT collaboration with an awareness on both cyber and physical elements of the power grid.”

In 2020, DOE awarded NRECA $6 million to demonstrate that Essence 2.0 is an affordable resource for utilities to protect their operational technology (OT) and information technology (IT) against cyberthreats.  NRECA has implemented the technology at a strategic set of electric co-op partners and seeks to expand its use to 55 additional co-ops under the DOE award. The expanded deployments are scheduled to begin this year. 

Don Bowman, vice president of engineering and operations at Wake Electric Membership Corp. in North Carolina, says the meld of informational and operational technologies “focuses on the data points that matter in a timeframe that allows us to act quickly—protecting our infrastructure from dangers on the network.”

“Knowing all of the actors in our networks, and recognizing the data flowing from point to point, gives us confidence to use new technology to deliver reliability and affordability to our member-customers,” he said.

As the Essence 2.0 platform capabilities continue to mature, NRECA and co-op partners are transitioning the research to have broader industry impact, says Doug Lambert, NRECA’s senior principal for grid solutions. “We are coordinating with DOE to support situational awareness on the electric grid and advance research that is forging commercial partnerships with industry for long-term sustainability.”

Essence 2.0 research is focused on advancing and integrating two technologies developed by NRECA and its technology partners—a “cybersecurity-collect-communicate-collaborate” (C4) platform and a real-time anomaly detection capability called GridState. Both technologies were proven effective against cyber and physical attacks in the Rapid Attack Detection, Isolation and Characterization System program using live environments sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. 

Essence 2.0 provides shared security resources to community-owned co-ops and other small utilities as part of a comprehensive strategy to ensure protection of the electric grid.

Read More:
Fact Sheet: Essence 2.0 Cybersecurity Technology

More than two dozen utility executives, including leaders of two electric cooperatives, testified at two marathon hearings in the Texas legislature last week to examine what went wrong during a February cold snap that paralyzed the state’s electric grid and left millions without power for days.

Residents of hundreds of Texas communities are still struggling to recover two weeks after one of the longest and most widespread power outages in the state’s history, and lawmakers are demanding assurances that the problems never happen again.

“This is the largest train wreck in the history of deregulated electricity,” said state Sen. Brandon Creighton of Conroe.

During the Feb. 13-19 event, Texas’ electric grid was impaired by the loss of generation from wind and solar energy, coal, natural gas and nuclear sources. Just under half of the state’s electric generation sources were offline at one point during the week.  

“When you lose almost half your generation, you are going to have a problem,” Bill Magness, president and CEO of the Electric Reliability Council of Texas, told a state Senate committee last Thursday.

ERCOT is the grid operator overseeing the generation and transmission assets of dozens of utilities in the state, including electric co-ops. Collectively, those utilities serve 26 million Texans in 70% of the state’s territory. Of the 620 generation units on the ERCOT system, at least 185 reported problems.

A combination of ice storms, subfreezing temperatures, mechanical failures, fuel challenges, stakeholder miscommunications and unprecedented demand compromised grid stability and left 4 million consumers without power. Had demand been allowed to outpace the available generation, damage to power plants, substations and other assets would have been extensive.

“We never want to black out the system, so that’s the problem, and there’s nobody that wants to solve it more than me,” Magness said Feb. 25 during a grueling and often contentious 10-hour committee hearing.

During the emergency, ERCOT called on transmission operators to implement controlled outages to prevent catastrophic failures.

“Even though we had sufficient generation to meet the needs of our members, we had to shed load like any other transmission provider,” said Mike Kezar, CEO of South Texas Electric Cooperative, a G&T owned by eight distribution co-ops.

STEC’s five power plants, two wind farms and a pair of hydroelectric facilities, owned or under contract, performed well throughout the emergency, he said. But the G&T’s transmission was still subject to ERCOT-ordered cyclical power interruptions, which averaged 3.5 hours each.

The loss of generation, particularly from natural gas pipeline failures and curtailments of industrial generation sources, prompted ERCOT to activate a $9,000-per-megawatt-hour price cap mandated by the Texas Public Utility Commission. The typical cost of power on the ERCOT grid is around $26 per MWh.

Similar control measures have been used previously for short periods of time to help manage peak summer demand costs, but extended application of the capped rate is unprecedented.

A $2.1 billion February power bill forced Waco-based Brazos Electric Power Cooperative to file Chapter 11 bankruptcy on March 1, citing the need to insulate its 16 distribution co-ops and their members from “unaffordable electric bills,” said CEO Clifton Karnei in a statement.

“This court-supervised process will provide us with the protections and mechanism to protect and preserve our assets and operations and satisfy obligations to our creditors,” he said.

Amarillo-based Golden Spread Electric Cooperative belongs to both ERCOT and the Southwest Power Pool and saw costs balloon in both power markets during the cold weather event.

“Estimates are that the power bill for the month of February 2021 will exceed the cost of power paid in previous years,” said D’Ann Allen, the G&T’s manager of member relations. “Whatever Golden Spread’s share of that expense is will be high and, unfortunately, borne by our members.”

Allen said the co-op is working with its board to determine how to soften the blow for member co-ops. “More than likely, it will take years,” she said.

Some Texas co-ops are adopting measures to ease the impact on consumers, including suspending late fees and disconnects for non-payment, relaxing deposit requirements, offering deferred payment plans and delaying planned electricity rate changes that were scheduled to go into effect this spring.

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

As extreme cold weather and a series of winter storms continue to impact electricity customers across the country, investor-owned electric companies, electric cooperatives, and public power utilities are working together to ensure that power is restored to customers safely and as quickly as possible.

In Texas, more than 2 million customers are without power as the state’s primary grid operator—the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT)—continues to order electricity providers to interrupt power delivery. A historic arctic cold snap across the state has impacted electricity generation, and there is not enough energy supply to meet customer demands.

“Most electricity providers in Texas are transmission and distribution companies and do not generate electricity,” said Edison Electric Institute (EEI) President Tom Kuhn. “The shortage of generation capacity is not something electric companies, electric cooperatives, and public power utilities can directly address. They must follow directives from ERCOT and other grid operators. Our frontline employees who operate the transmission and distribution systems are actively keeping that system operational and in balance, while restoring power to customers as soon as generation resources become available.”

Customers in other states also have experienced outages if their electricity providers have been directed to interrupt power as system operators grapple with an overwhelming demand for electricity and limited supply due to the historic weather that has affected all forms of electricity generation.

“Electric utilities in several states in the middle of the country are facing serious challenges due to extreme cold weather conditions and related power constraints,” said American Public Power Association (APPA) President & CEO Joy Ditto. “The electric power industry is united in responding to this situation in order to protect the grid and get the power back on for everyone as quickly and safely as possible.”

In addition to extreme cold, several states—including Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Ohio, Oregon, Virginia, and West Virginia—have been hard hit by devastating ice and winter storms. In these areas, mutual assistance networks are activated, and crews continue to work around the clock to restore power to customers who lost power due to downed wires and other infrastructure impacts.

“Electric co-ops are working as swiftly and safely as possible to restore power in the wake of record-cold temperatures,” said National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) CEO Jim Matheson. “As the arctic cold persists and work continues, the continued cooperation of federal, state and local communities is vital as we work together to protect the electric system and restore outages. This historic storm serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of a diverse fuel supply, robust transmission infrastructure, and effective coordination between grid operators and electricity providers.”

Electricity providers in all impacted areas are encouraging their customers to remain vigilant against scams targeting utility customers and are reminding customers that portable generators and grills never should be used indoors or in other enclosed areas where lethal fumes quickly can accumulate.

With another winter storm in the forecast this week, electric companies, electric co-ops, and public power utilities in the path are preparing and in close coordination with emergency response officials, state leaders, and customers.

“We know that being without electricity creates hardships and presents additional challenges in extreme cold,” added Kuhn. “We greatly appreciate our customers’ patience and understanding.”

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About the American Public Power Association

The American Public Power Association is the voice of not-for-profit, community-owned utilities that power 2,000 towns and cities nationwide. It represents public power before the federal government to protect the interests of the more than 49 million people that public power utilities serve, and the 93,000 people they employ. The association advocates and advises on electricity policy, technology, trends, training, and operations. Its members strengthen their communities by providing superior service, engaging citizens, and instilling pride in community-owned power.

About the Edison Electric Institute

EEI is the association that represents all U.S. investor-owned electric companies. EEI’s members provide electricity for more than 220 million Americans,and operate in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. In addition to our U.S. members, EEI has more than ​65 international electric companies, with operations in more than 90 countries, as International Members, and hundreds of industry suppliers and related organizations as Associate Members.

About the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization representing the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which serve 42 million people in 48 states.

ARLINGTON, Va. – The Department of Energy today awarded the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association a $6 million grant to expand ongoing research and development into electric co-op cybersecurity tools.

Known as Essence 2.0, the three-year project will deploy a revolutionary cyber monitoring tool to NRECA’s member cooperatives. Essence 2.0 enables machine-to-machine learning and is designed to quickly detect and share information about anomalies in utility network traffic that may be the result of a cyber breach. The technology also provides specific information that allows for isolation and definition of the breach characteristics for sharing with others in the industry to determine if a breach is a larger, coordinated attack by adversaries. 

“As cyber threats and threat actors continue to evolve, so must electric co-ops’ capability to defend against them,” said NRECA CEO Jim Matheson. “Maintaining the security and resilience of the grid, and protecting consumer data, requires a flexible approach that draws on a variety of tools, resources and options. The Department of Energy recognizes the importance of this tool to our sector’s cyber readiness. We believe it will be a valuable resource in our members’ cache of cybersecurity preparedness resources.”

The Essence 2.0 project builds on NRECA’s existing cyber readiness and prevention tools and will be deployed to electric cooperatives early next year. Click here for more information and background about the award.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national trade association representing nearly 900 local electric cooperatives. From growing suburbs to remote farming communities, electric co-ops serve as engines of economic development for 42 million Americans across 56 percent of the nation’s landscape. As local businesses built by the consumers they serve, electric cooperatives have meaningful ties to rural America and invest $12 billion annually in their communities.

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Electric cooperatives across the South have already seen massive storm damage across their systems, and the 2020 hurricane season is just now getting started. When outages are  too much for one co-op to handle, neighboring co-ops from within their state and across state lines are quick to lend a helping hand to get power back up and running quickly and safely.

Martha Duggan, who oversees NRECA’s state and national coordination initiatives, and Michael Kelley, safety and loss director at the Alabama Rural Electric Association of Cooperatives, talk us through how co-op mutual aid is coordinated and what it looks like on the ground, even with the added challenges of a global pandemic.

You can also listen and subscribe to Along Those Lines on your preferred podcast service:
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Related Content:

Michael Photo Gallery: Scenes from Co-ops’ Storm Response

Find out more about NRECA’s podcast. Questions or suggestions? Email us at AlongThoseLines@nreca.coop.

As Americans reduce direct contact with one another to slow the spread of the coronavirus, generation and transmission cooperatives are working to keep electricity flowing to homes, businesses and institutions.   

“Our transition to working at home for those [employees] who are doing so was very smooth,” said Mike McFarland, director of enterprise risk management for Great River Energy. The G&T activated its pandemic response plan on Feb. 28 and told employees whose duties allow them to work from home to begin doing so March 12.

“Getting it done before this week, when more companies are facing the transition to offsite operations, has placed us ahead of the curve,” McFarland said, March 18.

Utility-scale power plants are critical infrastructure and the North American Electric Reliability Corp. requires that some essential activities be conducted by onsite personnel. McFarland said that for circumstances like this, GRE maintains a backup control center.

“We’ll go to the point where it will segregate totally to separate our shifts,” he said, adding that social separation has been part of GRE’s pandemic response plan since 2009. “One 12-hour shift is working in one facility; the other shift is working in another facility.”

Dairyland Power Cooperative has instructed staff to forgo face-to-face meetings in favor of phone calls, emails or teleconferencing. Many of Dairyland’s employees are also working remotely. 

“We invoked our business continuity plan as a measure of precaution to protect our workforce while ensuring reliable operations,” said Dairyland President and CEO Barbara Nick. “We are doing our part to ‘flatten the curve.’” 

At the federal level, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security on Thursday designated electric utility crews as essential critical infrastructure workers during the COVID-19 response.

The guidance gives certain employees the authority to continue their normal work schedule and includes workers who maintain or restore generation, transmission and distribution assets, including call centers, utility workers, mutual assistance personnel, IT/OT staff, cybersecurity engineers and vegetation management crews.

Keeping Communications Open

G&Ts say they are apprising their distribution co-op members and other wholesale power customers as to how business continuity measures might impact routine operations.

“Dairyland teams are communicating regularly with other utilities and NERC as we monitor conditions to ensure we continue to take prudent actions for safety and reliability,” Nick said. 

Power plants and other operational facilities used by G&Ts are always secure facilities, but the pandemic threat has led to more restrictions. Those include suspension of vendor visits and relocation of services not required to be performed onsite.

Sunflower Electric Power Corp. has implemented the first phase of its pandemic threat mitigation plan, said Communications Manager Cindy Hertel. “Many of our staff, depending on their responsibilities, have the capability to work remotely and are being given the option to do so.”

Sunflower Electric’s staffers have access to current information and updates via the G&T’s intranet, she said. “We’ve also restricted most in-person staff meetings and visits to our facilities, asking vendors and service providers to communicate with us electronically.” 

Hertel said senior managers are monitoring conditions and will adjust the G&T’s operating procedures as warranted.

Electric utilities have spent years planning for these kinds of emergencies in tabletop training exercises.

Scenarios used to test responses in real time have included bioterrorism events and seasonal pandemics. Senior managers and key operations personnel have worked to develop situational awareness responses, which are now being harnessed to manage coronavirus challenges.

Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corporation and Arkansas Electric Cooperatives Inc. have implemented their pandemic plans, said Rob Roedel, a spokesman for the statewide association and its member-owned G&T.  

“These plans, that are reviewed and tested often, are designed to ensure that AECC’s generation and power distribution delivery processes and AECI’s statewide services are not disrupted by the pandemic situation,” he said.

With many power plants operating with only essential staff onsite, IT security has been enhanced and cyberattack monitoring has been increased.

The Cybersecurity Risk Information Sharing Program is helping G&Ts stay ahead of suspicious activity.

“We’re constantly aware of potential spikes in cyberthreat activity,” said GRE’s McFarland. 

“CRISP is a public-private data sharing and analysis platform that provides energy sector stakeholders with faster threat identification and mitigation capabilities. We’ve all got to keep an eye on things, so we’re phish testing our employees even as they work remotely. We’re clearly on the lookout for heightened activity at this time.” 

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Read more on the electric co-op response to the COVID-19 Pandemic

See NRECA’s COVID-19 hub on cooperative.com for key resources for co-ops, including guidance on business continuity planning and communication, as well as event schedule changes.

ARLINGTON, Va. – National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) CEO Jim Matheson today issued the following statement on efforts by electric cooperatives to maintain reliability throughout the coronavirus outbreak.

“Electric cooperatives have been taking steps to prepare for the evolving Coronavirus challenges, while maintaining their commitment to the consumer-members and communities they serve,” Matheson said. “Electric co-ops have a strong track record of preparing for many kinds of emergencies that could impact the ability to generate and deliver electricity to one in eight Americans. Planning for this situation is unique from other business continuity planning. It requires co-ops and their business partners to prepare to operate with a smaller workforce, potential disruptions in the supply chain, and limited support services for an extended period of time.” 

To support these planning efforts, America’s electric cooperatives are reviewing staffing with an emphasis on maintaining the availability of key personnel and supplies to ensure business continuity and the reliability of their energy systems. Co-ops and others in the electric sector operate with a well-developed mutual assistance program that enables shared resources and expertise during emergency situations. Continued close coordination between co-ops, local, state and federal officials will be essential during the next several weeks.

Electric co-ops regularly practice and review emergency preparedness plans. In response to COVID-19, co-ops have implemented their business continuity and pandemic response plans. Additional preparations at many co-ops include:

• Increased communication between key stakeholders, including federal, state, and local governments.
• Cancelling planned public meetings and non-essential business travel.
• Closing offices to the public to prevent the spread of the disease.
• Purchasing cots, food and supplies for essential employees in the event they need to be sequestered to ensure generation and delivery of electricity.
• Reviewing staffing needs to ensure continuity of critical business functions.
• Implementing temperature screening protocols before entering certain areas.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national trade association representing more than 900 local electric cooperatives. From growing suburbs to remote farming communities, electric co-ops serve as engines of economic development for 42 million Americans across 56 percent of the nation’s landscape. As local businesses built by the consumers they serve, electric cooperatives have meaningful ties to rural America and invest $12 billion annually in their communities.

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When scoping out how military bases can receive the most resilient electric service with cost in mind, the Department of Defense turned to NRECA to develop a scalable planning tool for developing microgrids.

NRECA, the prime winner of the $1.9 million DOD contract, will lead three diverse electric cooperatives in creating and testing a standardized microgrid design framework. The tool is expected to reduce “soft costs” like data analysis, mapping, software and design work.

“America’s electric co-ops and the more than 90 military facilities that they serve are evolving together,” said NRECA CEO Jim Matheson. “By developing and field-testing software that can reduce the cost of microgrids, this project marks a significant step toward improved resilience at military installations across the nation.”

The three-year project is expected to launch later this year. NRECA will partner with Chelco, headquartered in DeFuniak Springs, Florida, Rio Grande Electric Cooperative in Brackettville, Texas, and Sussex Rural Electric Cooperative in Sussex, New Jersey, which already have contracts to own and operate a distribution grid on a military installation.

The bases’ energy demand and resources are as diverse as their geography. Some have renewable energy and microgrids; some have no generation or microgrid components at all.

That’s where the value of co-ops and their history of reliable service to military bases comes in, said Lauren Khair, NRECA senior analyst for economics and industry.

“We have access to numerous cooperatives that serve military bases and can build on shared lessons learned,” she said. “NRECA and member co-ops also have made investments into cutting-edge data analytic technology that can be used to meet these goals and be scaled.”

The microgrid tool ultimately will help automate the modeling process and standardize planning so they can be used at any installation or campus-type settings, such as hospitals, industrial parks and universities, Khair said.

Cathy Cash is a staff writer at NRECA.

Jacek Szamrej, a leader in cybersecurity for electric cooperatives and utilities large and small, most recently as vice president at SEDC, died Oct. 13 from a heart attack. He was 61.

Szamrej joined Atlanta-based SEDC in 2016 and helped launch its Cyber Resilience Initiative. In announcing his hire, SEDC President and CEO RB Sloan said Szamrej “really brings a holistic approach to cybersecurity.”

“He has left an enduring mark on SEDC, on the NRECA community, and on utilities everywhere. His mentorship and his love of sharing knowledge ensure that his work in cybersecurity will continue to grow and benefit us all for decades to come,” SEDC said in a statement marking Szamrej’s passing. SEDC provides utilities with software solutions for billing, accounting, engineering, cybersecurity and operations.

Prior to SEDC, Szamrej devoted 13 years to building cyber defenses at Vermont Electric Cooperative, where he expanded his expertise in IT, utilities, network and communications technologies.

Born in Torun, Poland, Szamrej took his first U.S. job as an electrical engineer at the cooperative in Johnson, Vermont, in 2003 after decades of acclaimed work in computer models at the University of Warsaw.

Known for his wit and humor, Szamrej joked in a 2017 interview about which was more difficult, the move from Poland to Vermont or from Vermont to Atlanta.

Szamrej offered a simple truism for improving cybersecurity that he found rooted in the spirit of co-ops: “The bad guys are collaborating; we need to collaborate too for good defense.”

He also emphasized the importance of creating a “culture of cybersecurity” built on three key pillars: a well-trained staff, sound policies and the latest tools. 

“People, processes and technologies,” he said.

Before leaving Vermont Electric, Szamrej worked for three years to put together a full-scale physical and cyber management drill sponsored by the U.S. Northern Command of the National Guard. The exercise involved 20 co-op staffers, the Guard and state emergency officials tackling natural disasters as well as cyber and grid attacks.

“He was visionary and insightful. Jacek had a great sense of humor and he got things to happen,” said Cynthia Hsu, NRECA Business & Technology Strategies principal for cybersecurity solutions. “His passing is a great loss for the co-op community.”

Cathy Cash is a staff writer at NRECA.

October is National Cybersecurity Awareness Month, so Season 2 of Along Those Lines kicks off with a look at co-ops’ role in protecting the national electric grid.

The grid plays an essential role in the lives of all Americans, and a strong emphasis on cybersecurity is vital to keeping it safe. Electric co-ops, which control 42% of America’s electric lines spread over 56% of the country’s landmass, do their part by training staff and partnering with national organizations to maximize their cyberpreparedness.

In this episode, you’ll hear from Co-Mo Electric Cooperative’s Ryan Newlon, who’s also a member of the Missouri National Guard. He’s been working with the Guard on two projects that focus on understanding real-life threats and defense strategies for cybersecurity. We’re also joined by NRECA’s Barry Lawson to discuss how the association and its member co-ops work with key government agencies on cybersecurity.

Listen to the episode below:

You can also listen and subscribe to Along Those Lines on your preferred podcast service:
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Find out more about NRECA’s podcast. Questions or suggestions? Email us at AlongThoseLines@nreca.coop.

Read More About Co-ops and Cybersecurity:

• Government and Industry Cybersecurity Experts Agree That Partnerships Are Key to Protecting Grid
• GridEx Gives Co-ops Chance to Flex Cybersecurity Muscles
• Issues & Policy: Reliability and Security
• Rural Cooperative Cybersecurity Capabilities (RC3) Program

The House has passed a $733 billion defense bill that could allow electric cooperatives that serve military bases to benefit from new infrastructure grants. The action comes about two weeks after the Senate approved a different version of the legislation that makes it easier for co-ops to pursue carbon-capture projects.

A compromise still must be worked out by a conference committee of negotiators from the House and Senate, which will decide which provisions are included in the final National Defense Authorization Act. The bill, which empowers the Pentagon to spend money in fiscal year 2020, will then go back to both chambers for a vote, likely sometime between mid-July and the end of September.

The House voted 220-197 on Friday to pass its version of the legislation, which includes a provision to amend the definition of “community infrastructure” to permit co-ops to participate in the Defense Community Infrastructure Pilot Program. The 10-year program authorizes the secretary of defense to make grants to states and local governments to improve infrastructure that benefits military bases or the communities that support them.

Co-ops serve more than 80 military bases and other Department of Defense facilities in 38 states, according to NRECA research. They also own, operate and maintain the electric distribution grid at 24 military installations through utility privatization contracts. Nearly a third of the Army privatization contracts and 45% of Air Force privatization contracts are held by co-ops.

The grant program has been open only to state or local government-owned facilities, such as municipal utilities, since it was authorized about a year ago. With the House-approved change, not-for-profit co-ops would be on par with those utilities. The pilot program requires grant recipients to contribute at least 30% of the total project cost, but that requirement is waived when the infrastructure improvements are made in rural areas or when the projects are “related to national security.” Rural areas are defined as cities, towns or unincorporated areas with less than 50,000 residents.

“Electric co-ops are a key provider of services to our military installations, esp. those in rural areas like southern NM,” tweeted Rep. Xochitl Torres Small, D-N.M., on June 12. “With my amendment, electric co-ops will now be able to use fed. grants to update their infrastructure & improve our nation’s readiness.”

The Senate version of the bill includes legislation supported by NRECA that would make it easier for co-ops to get federal approval for carbon capture, utilization and sequestration projects. The bipartisan legislation, known as the USE IT Act, also would make it easier to get permits for CO₂ pipelines.

Basin Electric Power Cooperative CEO Paul Sukut told a Senate panel in February that he supports efforts to help co-ops develop technology to capture carbon dioxide emissions from coal-fired power plants and turn them into useful products.

Sukut testified before the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee in support of the bill by Chairman John Barrasso, R-Wyo., and Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse, D-R.I. The bill would spur new strategies to remove CO₂ from the air and store it permanently underground or transform it into marketable commodities.

Basin Electric, which is based in Bismarck, North Dakota, is a partner with NRECA and Tri-State Generation and Transmission Association in the Integrated Test Center at Dry Fork Station in Wyoming. The test center, overseen by the state, provides a place for researchers to “explore new and innovative solutions” to reduce CO₂ emissions, Sukut testified.

“The USE IT Act will support the type of great research already happening in Wyoming at the Integrated Test Center and around the country,” Barrasso said in a recent statement.

The Senate bill also would codify an executive order issued in March by President Trump to protect the nation against electromagnetic pulses and geomagnetic disturbances. The House bill simply calls for the elimination of the current EMP Commission since Trump’s order addresses the issue the panel was created to help solve.

EMPs are caused by the detonation of a nuclear device miles above the Earth’s surface and can affect electronics within its impact area. A geomagnetic disturbance can be caused by solar flares hitting the earth, primarily affecting the electric and telecommunication sectors if the flares’ currents travel along the utility wires.

The executive order calls for a government-wide effort to prepare for and mitigate the national security threat from EMPs and GMDs. It also calls for the government to work with electric utilities and other private stakeholders to develop best practices to address the potential threats.

A three-year study by the Electric Power Research Institute, released in April, concluded that America’s electric transmission system would largely survive an EMP caused by the high-altitude explosion of a nuclear warhead.

The U.S. electric transmission system would largely survive a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse event caused by a nuclear warhead atmospheric explosion, an intensive investigation by the Electric Power Research Institute has found.

EPRI released its three-year study, “High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) and the Bulk Power System—Potential Impacts and Mitigation Strategies,” on April 30.

Researchers conducted laboratory testing and analysis to determine the effect on the transmission grid from an EMP triggered by the unlikely event of a nuclear warhead detonated approximately 30 kilometers—about 18 miles—above Earth’s surface.

An EMP is a series of fast-moving waves of electromagnetic energy that can damage or destroy electronic components and equipment and also possibly result in voltage stability challenges and high-voltage transformer damage.

There are concerns that an EMP triggered at the right altitude could bring down the U.S. transmission grid as well as other critical infrastructures like telecommunications, emergency services and hospitals.

But EPRI’s study found that, while direct exposure to the initial pulse could damage or disrupt some transmission electronics, existing resiliency built into the grid would likely prevent catastrophic failure. Recovery from an EMP would be similar to that from other large-scale power outages, EPRI said.

“An EMP is an extremely unlikely event, but one that the electric industry needs to clearly understand and ensure that cost-effective potential mitigation measures do not result in unintended consequences or impacts,” said NRECA CEO Jim Matheson. “This comprehensive study by EPRI will be a vital tool in that process.”

The study outlines potential strategies to mitigate EMP impacts, including shielding cables with proper grounding, installing low-voltage surge protection devices and filters, and using fiber-optics-based communications.

More than 60 U.S. utilities, the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, the Department of Energy, three national laboratories, and the Electricity Subsector Coordinating Council contributed to the report.

“EPRI’s research represents the largest utility collaborative on this issue focused on understanding the technical facts using both laboratory testing and advanced modeling,” said Michael W. Howard, president and CEO of EPRI. “The results also provide a cost-effective pathway to enhance the resilience of the grid and accelerate recovery.”

The study comes as President Trump called on federal agencies, in collaboration with the private sector, to prepare for the effects of an EMP event. An executive order in March called for the federal government to warn industry of an impending EMP attack and provide protection and recovery “through public and private engagement, planning, and investment.”

Cathy Cash is a staff writer at NRECA.

ARLINGTON, Va. – NRECA CEO Jim Matheson today issued the following statement after President Trump announced a new infrastructure executive order that will expedite the permitting process for power line right of way maintenance on federal lands.

“Today’s announcement paves the way for electric co-ops to enhance system reliability and reduce wildfire risk by improving access to maintain and upgrade electric systems located on federal lands,” Matheson said. “Permitting delays often pose long-term safety and reliability challenges for electric co-ops that need approval to conduct vegetation management and power line maintenance on federal lands.  By reducing bureaucratic red tape, today’s announcement helps prevent permitting delays and promotes the safety and reliability of our power supply.”

The new infrastructure executive order includes language directing the secretaries of Interior, Agriculture, and Commerce to collaborate on the development of a master agreement that expedites renewals to federal land rights of way to enable maintenance and vegetation management.

Electric cooperatives constantly work to improve system reliability, including on federal land. But federal permitting delays pose serious restrictions. For example, Benton Rural Electric Association (BREA) in Prosser, Washington had a Special Use Permit that allowed them right of way access through federal land to prevent danger trees from contacting the co-ops’ power lines. Despite submitting an application for renewal in August 2015, BREA’s permit expired that December. USFS officials took 15 months to review the renewal application and propose that the co-op pay for an expensive new environmental assessment. Benton REA is currently operating under a temporary permit but is still seeking a resolution for the long-term permit issue.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national trade association representing more than 900 local electric cooperatives. From growing suburbs to remote farming communities, electric co-ops serve as engines of economic development for 42 million Americans across 56 percent of the nation’s landscape. As local businesses built by the consumers they serve, electric cooperatives have meaningful ties to rural America and invest $12 billion annually in their communities.

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Story Updated: April 16, 2019

Congress has taken the first step to protect electric cooperatives from losing their tax-exempt status when they receive government grants to help restore power after a storm or bring broadband service to rural communities.

Reps. Terri Sewell, D-Ala., and Adrian Smith, R-Neb., introduced legislation April 16 to correct an unintended consequence of the sweeping Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that Congress passed in 2017. It’s a companion bill to the one introduced in the Senate on April 4 by Sens. Rob Portman, R-Ohio, and Tina Smith, D-Minn.

The 2017 tax law inadvertently put nonprofit co-ops in the position of having to decide whether to risk their tax-exempt status to accept grants, including those from the Federal Emergency Management Agency to restore power after storms, floods, fires, earthquakes or other disasters, said Paul Gutierrez, an NRECA lobbyist who has been working with lawmakers to fix the problem.

Co-ops also would have to think twice before taking grants that help provide broadband service or fund economic development, energy efficiency and renewable energy programs.

“Our rural communities depend on reliable infrastructure, access to broadband and secure energy sources for their local economies to thrive,” Sewell said. “We must do more to provide high-speed internet—and the opportunities and resources that it brings—to the 22.4 million Americans living in rural parts of our country without quality internet access.”

The 2017 law contains a provision that counts federal, state and local grants to co-ops as non-member income rather than capital, which is how grants had previously been defined, Gutierrez said.

The statute threatens the nonprofit business model of co-ops, which must receive at least 85 percent of all income from consumer-members to keep their tax-exempt status under federal law. Defining grants as non-member income makes it more difficult for co-ops to meet that requirement.

Tim Johnson, CEO of Otsego Electric Cooperative, said the Hartwick, New York, co-op is choosing to use state broadband grants but is risking its tax-exempt status in the process. The co-op is applying for grant reimbursements from the state that will put Otsego well over the 15 percent limit for non-member income in 2019. It will lose its tax-exempt status if the tax bill fix is not passed by the end of this year, Johnson said. What’s more, 21 percent of the grant money will have to be used to pay taxes on the grants, he said.

“The combined penalties of paying income tax on grant funds and the loss of tax-exempt status will significantly reduce our ability to build as many locations as we originally projected, depriving many households of the intended and direct benefits of public grant funding for the broadband project,” he said. “This is clearly not good public policy and the inadvertent mistake that has caused this situation must be fixed.”

The new bipartisan legislation—the Revitalizing Underdeveloped Rural Areas and Lands (RURAL) Act—would solve the problem by changing the tax code to exempt federal, state and local grants from being defined as income for electric co-ops.

“While continuing to ensure rural electric co-ops are largely funded by their membership as a condition of their tax-exempt status, we should also ensure funds received from grants or for pole usage do not affect their tax status,” Adrian Smith said.

Without the legislation, Portman said, “many co-ops may miss out on grant income or disaster assistance, hurting our efforts to promote economic development and job creation in these rural areas.”

Tina Smith said Congress “should take any action we can to help us get more Minnesotans and Americans in rural areas connected.”

“So when I heard from several Minnesota cooperatives at risk of losing their tax-exempt status, I wanted to reverse that,” she said.

NRECA hopes that Congress will act on the legislation “in the very near future,” Gutierrez said.

“This is an urgent issue for a number of members that will lose their tax-exempt status this year if Congress doesn’t act on this unintended consequence,” he said.

Erin Kelly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Officials from electric cooperatives and public power districts in Nebraska say it could take months to clean up and repair the damage to homes, farms and ranches from recent floods—and years for those hit hardest to recover.

“There’s been extensive damage to roads and bridges, and that will have a tremendous impact on how soon our co-ops and PPDs will be able to see just how extensive the damage is,” said Kim Christiansen, general manager of the Nebraska Rural Electric Association. “Some areas are going to have to dry out before we are physically able to get there and check out our infrastructure.”

State officials are already estimating damage at more than $1.5 billion. The total is expected to climb as agricultural, industrial and commercial losses are tabulated.

“Our member utilities may see their numbers increase and many of our farmers and ranchers have suffered losses of both livestock and topsoil washed away by flooding,” said Christiansen. “Those impacts will be felt for years, so those will be long-term problems.”

Assessing damage and making permanent repairs remains challenging even as floodwaters continue to recede in some areas.

One of three bridges collapsed following a dam failure on the Niobrara River, prompting detours of 50 miles to reach co-op served areas. (Photo By: Joe Janousek/Niobrara River EMC)

“A dam on the Niobrara River was taken out by flooding along with three bridges downstream,” said Joe Janousek, director of member services for Niobrara Valley Electric Membership Corp. “It took out our feeds across the river, so three substations and every meter north of the river was without power.”

O’Neill-based Niobrara Valley EMC estimated the flood took out 800 to 1,000 meters. Restoration of service to all members who could safely receive power was completed by March 19.

“We’re currently driving about 125 miles or more to reach locations that would normally be 18 to 20 miles away, said Janousek. “The nearest bridge is about 45 to 50 miles west of us, and then we have to head east to reach northern portions of our three-county service territory.”

Some heavily flooded communities remain disconnected at the request of public safety personnel who are still involved in search, rescue and damage operations.

“We have three community lakes surrounded by cabins, and authorities asked that power be disconnected,” said Wade Rahn, customer and technical services coordinator for Butler Public Power District.

“Two communities have been restored, but we have also heard from more than 70 customers who cannot get to their properties to see the damage, and they have asked that we leave the power disconnected,” said Rahn.  “About 95 percent of our 6,500 meters now use automated metering infrastructure, so we’ve been able to disconnect them remotely, if requested.”

David City-based Butler PPD has contracted a drone operator to begin pole inspections in still-flooded rights of way, said Rahn. “We have at least 30 poles that have been heavily damaged or knocked down as a result of the flooding.”

Gov. Pete Ricketts requested expedited consideration of a federal disaster declaration, and Vice President Mike Pence was in Nebraska to inspect flood damage on March 19.

The statewide association is already working with the Nebraska Emergency Management Agency to help member utilities assemble the documentation for Federal Emergency Management Agency reimbursement applications.

“Dealing with FEMA can be a lengthy and involved process,” Christiansen said.  “It takes a while to tabulate all of the damage and get covered projects completed, before you can get reimbursed.”

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Torrential rains have caused major flooding in the upper Midwest, and public power districts in Nebraska, now under a federal disaster declaration, could spend weeks repairing equipment and straightening poles.

“Early estimates of the damage from the flooding is more than $700 million and is likely to increase,” said Kim Christiansen, general manager of the Nebraska Rural Electric Association.

“The impact on Nebraskans’ lives is dramatic,” said Christiansen. “People have lost their homes, farmers and ranchers have lost their cattle, entire towns have been evacuated or completely cut-off from their neighbors.” Officials in the state have described the flooding as the worst to occur in a generation.

“All of our major rivers have been having flooding problems over the past several days,” said Neal Suess, president and CEO of Loup Power District. The Columbus, Nebraska-based PPD serves about 20,000 meters, including many farmers and ranchers who depend on the PPD’s canal to water stock and irrigate crops during their growing seasons.

“We have two breaches that are allowing uncontrollable water flows into the Loup River right at our intake structure,” said Suess. “One of them is a gap of 50 to 75 feet, and the other is a gap of about 200 yards.”

A co-op-owned caretaker’s home on the facility’s grounds and several other support structures have been washed away by rising floodwaters, and Loup Power has had to reduce hydroelectric power production at the site.

“Downstream from there we have five to seven breaches in our canal system, and that water is running into fields and forested areas,” said Suess. “Since the canal is breached we won’t have water to generate electricity from our power house.”

The flooding occurred before the spring thaw, prompting water to accumulate over still-frozen fields. While farmers will be able to adjust their planting schedules, they may have to find other water sources to irrigate their crops, Suess said.

“Livestock has been stranded, and I know of a number of people who have lost quite a few animals,” Suess said. “We’ll be straightening and reinforcing poles for at least a few weeks, and repairing the canal could take a few months or longer.”

The affected public power districts have reported minimal outages, although many roads remain impassable, slowing damage inspections in some areas.

Lexington-based Dawson Public Power District reported about 700 of its 24,000 meters offline for several hours due to flooding in exurban areas near Kearney.

As floodwaters receded, PPD crews moved in and quickly repaired damaged ground-mounted transformers so service could be restored, said Marsha Banzhaf, manager of customer service for Dawson PPD. “We’re compiling reports on our damage because a federal disaster declaration has been issued.”

About 150 miles north, Cuming County Public Power District disconnected 18 meters for members in low-lying areas in anticipation of flooding last week.

“We’ve also had evacuations in some co-op-served communities, including parts of West Point, although the town has not flooded,” said Nikki White, communications manager for the West Point-based PPD.  “We’ve had extensive flooding west of town and there are a lot of poles washed out.”

Other public power districts across the state also reported problems, but determining the full extent of the damage is delayed because many areas remain inaccessible.

“Many of our member-systems have sustained damage to their lines and poles but are having to wait for the waters to recede before being able to do a full assessment of the destruction,” said Christiansen. “The Nebraska Rural Electric Association is working to help our member-systems during the recovery.”

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

The Alabama electric cooperative that serves communities hardest hit by deadly storms wrapped up major power restoration work on March 6—but with funerals continuing and rebuilding ahead, recovery is just beginning.

“We’ve gotten calls and emails from electric co-ops across the nation, and we really appreciate the prayers and concern,” said Louie Ward, general manager of Tallapoosa River Electric Cooperative.

The Lafayette-based distribution co-op restored service to its members who could safely receive power three days after two tornadoes touched down and straight-line winds strafed portions of Alabama’s Lee County.

“We had about 900 members without power at the peak,” Ward said Wednesday.

Throughout damage assessment and restoration, Ward worked in the field with co-op crews and contractors, pitching in to assist.

“I’ve been delivering food to the crews, pulling wire, pulling meters from destroyed homes and helping to fill pole holes with dirt,” Ward said. “It’s been grunt work, but I’m doing anything I can.”

Tornadoes and straight-line winds caused substantial damage to homes in Alabama’s Lee County on March 3. (Photo By: Louie Ward/TREC)

Damage to the co-op’s system was primarily in six areas where National Weather Service meteorologists reported that tornadoes touched down or the strongest winds occurred. At least 100 poles have been replaced since March 3.

Prattville-based Central Alabama Electric Cooperative and Ozark-based Pea River Electric Cooperative provided mutual aid assistance.

Tallapoosa River EC serves about 26,000 meters.  Severely damaged homes could require code inspections and work by licensed electricians before power can be restored.

The storms left at least 23 people dead. Co-op employees and their families did not lose homes or suffer serious injuries as a result of the storms, said Ward. “The co-op’s directors and several members of the staff have worked with area churches since the storm occurred to assist victims.”

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

An electric cooperative serving portions of three Oregon counties from the Pacific Coast to the Cascade Mountains has been working for more than a week to restore service following a major winter storm.

Douglas Electric Cooperative is urging members to be patient and warning that it could take another three weeks in some areas before restoration is completed.

“We are talking about thousands of trees, hundreds of poles and miles of power lines on the ground,” said Todd Munsey, the co-op’s director of member services.

“We have three different options to feed Elkton, Oregon, and all of those are down,” Munsey said March 3. “Redundancy in our service territory is currently nonexistent. In this devastated state, all of our safety valves and options are gone. It is a part of why this will take so long.”

Outages were down to about 4,900 late March 4, from more than 9,700 systemwide. Douglas Electric crews are getting help from contractors, state road crews and utility crews from investor-owned Pacific Power, Baker City-based Oregon Trail Electric Cooperative and area municipalities.

“Douglas Electric now has over twice as many electric utility contractors, tree crews, flaggers and excavators as we have normal employees,” said Munsey. “Many crews are working 40-hour shifts before they get a rest period. This outage is being worked 24 hours a day.”

Heavy, wet snow and blustery Pacific winds knocked down trees towering eight to 10 stories over Oregon’s 30-foot-wide utility rights of way, causing the initial outages on the co-op’s system Feb 24.

Then major transmission lines went down, leaving most of the co-op’s members without power. In the following days, toppled trees and snow hindered damage assessments as the co-op waited for investor-owned Pacific Power and the Bonneville Power Administration to restore transmission lines feeding its system.

A damage assessment conducted by helicopter March 1 found portions of the Elkton transmission line littered with downed lines and poles. Replacement supplies will have to be airlifted into the area now clogged in some areas with 3-foot snowdrifts.

But crews have been busy, replacing lines, setting new poles and constantly cutting through masses of tree limbs, shattered poles and tangled lines in mountainous snow-covered terrain.

“Trees too numerous to count have brought down an incredible amount of our system,” said Munsey. “Some areas can be repaired, while others will need to be rebuilt.”

Fir trees, many more than 80-feet tall, fell across entire sections of the co-op’s distribution system, and replacement of poles and lines could potentially be slowed by supply shortages.

“Our operations department is coordinating efforts with the warehousemen to search far and wide for poles, wire and other equipment necessary to complete restoration,” Munsey said.

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Patti Metro, Senior Grid Operations and Reliability Director, Business and Technology Strategies, NRECA

Job Role: Senior Grid Operations and Reliability Director

Department: Business and Technology Strategies

What is your favorite thing about your job and NRECA?

Working with the members.

What inspires you?

The eagerness of people to learn new things.

What does it mean to you to be working in your current field?

It allows me to work with people who enjoy making a difference.

Explain a little bit about your career at NRECA. What is the core function of your current role and how does it support the mission of the organization?

I have been at NRECA for almost 12 years. I act as the primary technical advisor for NRECA staff, cooperative members and external organizations on mandatory reliability standards, grid reliability real-time operations and associated risks and impacts. My work helps influence internal and external regulatory strategies, which advocate positions that allow cooperatives to provide reliable service while complying with mandatory reliability standards.

How did you get here? Has your background always been in STEM fields, or was it something you discovered later in your education or career?

I have over 30 years of extensive utility experience in grid reliability compliance, energy policy, regulatory issues, customer service, engineering, operations, project management and training. I have always been interested in math and the sciences which led me to majoring in electrical engineering at Clemson University.

How did you become interested in your area of expertise?

I am always looking for a new challenge. After almost 20 years of working in a real-time operations role for several electric utilities, I wanted to use my expertise to influence change in this industry. Working at NRECA allows me to do this.

If you had a piece of advice for someone who wanted to explore a role in Tech or another STEM field, what would it be?

Your ability to learn difficult concepts allows you to be successful in this exciting field. School is the hard part, applying what you have learned is the fun part.

Read more NRECA Women in STEM profiles

With the latest winter storm causing widespread power outages from Missouri to the Carolinas, electric cooperative crews worked through the weekend restoring service and were still in the field Monday.

“The storm caused nearly 20,000 outages scattered around the state,” said Jim McCarty, editor of Rural Missouri magazine. Snow and ice began falling in the state late Friday, with the heaviest accumulations occurring the following day.

More than 20 inches of snow was reported in the Kansas City area, as co-op crews and contractors reduced the number of outages to about 12,000 Saturday.

“By early Sunday morning, those numbers had shrunk below 8,000 as reinforcements from other electric cooperatives relieved those who had been working for as long as 24 hours,” McCarty said.

Line crews working in the service territory of Butler, Missouri-based Osage Valley Electric used track vehicles to pull trucks through muddy terrain. Members of Co-Mo Electric pitched in with tractors, trucks and other equipment to help crews from their Tipton, Missouri-based co-op reach areas where downed lines and broken poles needed to be replaced or repaired.

The Association of Missouri Electric Cooperatives said reported outages had been reduced to just 170 Monday afternoon.

Crews from 10 electric co-ops are assisting Virginia’s Southside Electric Cooperative with restoration work following a weekend winter storm. (Photo By: Southside EC)

Freezing rain and snow caused widespread problems in parts of North Carolina, particularly for co-ops serving members in the Appalachian region. State officials reported more than 130,000 electric meters out of service between Saturday night and Sunday morning, including members of electric co-ops and investor-owned utility customers.

Crews were busy restoring service to about 3,300 co-op meters Monday.

In Virginia, several co-ops serving members primarily in the western part of the state reported weather-related outages Saturday and Sunday.

Southside Electric Cooperative received help from 10 other co-ops as crews worked to restore service to about 11,000 of its members. Crews were working their way through outages affecting about 5,000 meters Monday afternoon.

“Snow and ice have caused trees and limbs to fall, breaking equipment and infrastructure,” said Ronald O. White, vice president of member and public relations for Crewe, Virginia-based Southside EC. He warned members Sunday that some might face extended outages due to the amount of damage and challenging access to rights of way in certain areas.

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

It was the perfect setup—remote, rustic and with a real electric grid ripped by sabotage.

The question for NRECA was how Essence, a tool it developed to monitor the grid, would facilitate a so-called black-start, restoring power amid a ruined transmission network where cyber mayhem lurks.

To find out, NRECA’s chief scientist, Craig Miller, and senior research engineer Stan McHann, along with other electric utility technology experts, participated in a drill organized by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on Plum Island, New York.

The 840-acre island, about three miles off Long Island’s coast, has its own utilities and a dozen high-voltage substations. It holds shuttered federal defense facilities dating back 100 years and a mid-century laboratory to test diseases in farm animals.

“It was not a tabletop exercise. It was a physical problem with small substations and utility control centers. We needed to restore power to them and synchronize them to the grid,” said Miller.

DARPA created Rapid Attack Detection, Isolation and Characterization Systems (RADICS) to explore ways to resolve prolonged outages wrought by disasters like earthquakes, floods, fires, hurricanes or cyberattacks, where networks are destroyed and utility crews are gone.

November’s RADICS exercise was a key test of the technology.

“DARPA is very interested in Essence as part of the solution to deal with catastrophic failure of the grid across a large region of the country,” said Miller. “This exercise focused on how Essence can help restore a massive outage.”

Essence provides a constant monitor of activity on the electric grid. Sensors gather thousands of data points. Anything abnormal shows up quickly.

“Essence tells us what’s up and what’s not and what’s behaving accurately or atypically. It monitors voltage for stability and the physics of the grid. Malware could show up and it detects it instantly on the network,” he said.

NRECA plans to release Essence to potential commercialization customers for evaluation in April, Miller said. Before that, adjustments will be made to make the tool more “utility-friendly” by delivering only the most salient information to utility staff, enabling them to respond faster to grid incidents.

Battling Under a New Intensity

NRECA has been working with electric co-ops in developing Essence to provide “situational awareness on both the electrical- and the cyber-front of the grid,” Miller said. Through tests with co-ops, the tool has prevented cyberattacks, overloading of transformers and possible fires.

That’s what co-ops face every day—the reality of keeping the lights on while keeping threats at bay.

NRECA has been involved in each of RADICS’s four exercises, but Miller said the recent Plum Island test brought “a new intensity.”

“It tasked us with learning what the utility people want to know and when. There were no coffee breaks. You did not get lunch. You were under pressure,” he said.

Pummeled with wind and rain, McHann, the only member of the NRECA team on Plum Island, arrived by ferry and hiked the island to install Essence equipment on substations and do local analysis of devices and sensors. He had to pack enough gear and food in case inclement weather kept him on the test site overnight.

On top of the sheer physical reconstruction of the grid, participants also had to battle cyberattacks that pushed misinformation and fouled communications.

“Whatever DARPA threw at us, we had to keep that critical asset electrified,” said McHann.  “Our job is to take those hard problems and break them down and design technology to solve them. It was not a simulated environment. It was a very real environment.”

As part of the exercise, one goal was to maintain power to a building that had previously been used for government research. “The building had been abandoned and sealed for over 50 years. Our job was to ‘restore power’ to it,” said Miller, who worked from a control center in Long Island.

Red, yellow and green air dancers, often seen flailing at car dealerships, puddled beside buildings targeted for power restoration. “When power came on, they stood up,” said Miller. “It was fun.”

Cathy Cash is a staff writer at NRECA.

NRECA advocates on many public policy issues on behalf of electric cooperatives. As the new Congress kicks off, here’s a look at several electric co-op policy priorities for 2019.

Energy Policy/Infrastructure

The potential for energy and infrastructure legislation presents a significant opportunity as electric cooperatives work to meet the growing needs of their communities. NRECA will work to ensure that any infrastructure package focuses on more than roads and bridges, including opportunities to modernize the electric grid and expand rural broadband access.

Environment

NRECA will promote and encourage bipartisan support for energy research and development programs—including on renewables and programs that focus on finding a viable use for carbon capture, utilization and storage.

Broadband

Expanded rural broadband access remains a priority for NRECA. As electric co-ops engage the new Congress, we will work to ensure that all rural broadband discussions include the electric co-op perspective.

Employee Benefits

NRECA provides benefits to 56,000 electric cooperative employees nationwide. We will continue working to protect electric cooperative employee retirement benefits by supporting legislation to substantially reduce the insurance premiums that co-ops pay to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation.

Tax Policy

The 2017 tax reform law included a provision that treated federal grants as income, threatening the tax-exempt status of some electric cooperatives. NRECA will seek to fix this unintended consequence of the tax law.

Grid Resilience

Protecting our nation’s vast power grid is a national priority and focus for electric cooperatives. Ensuring appropriate information sharing and preserving existing partnerships and structures are essential to these efforts.  We will advocate for resources and technologies that meet the unique cybersecurity and recovery needs of small and medium-sized utilities to help protect our systems.

Listen to our podcast episode on how NRECA works with Congress to advocate for co-op priorities: 

Electric cooperative line crews in several states are keeping cold weather gear and coveralls close by as they restore power to members knocked offline by a series of winter storms.

Since mid-November, four major winter storms have brought ice, snow and blasts of frigid cold weather to co-op-served territories east of the Rockies. The latest storm knocked out electricity to more than 50,000 co-op-served meters in the Carolinas and Virginia on Sunday.

Many of those outages affected some of the same co-ops that spent days restoring service following an early season snowstorm that swept across the region Nov. 15.

North Carolina’s 26 electric co-ops reported 45,000 outages as of Sunday afternoon, but that number was down to about 4,700 Tuesday morning, said Lisa Crawley, a communications specialist with North Carolina’s Electric Cooperatives. Improved weather conditions are expected to help keep restoration efforts on track.

Brunswick EMC lineworkers hoist new lines into position during power restoration efforts in the service territory of Surry Yadkin EMC. (Photo By: Jim Robertson/ Surry-Yadkin EMC)

In South Carolina, electric co-ops were working to restore service to about 3,600 co-op-served meters on Monday, primarily along the Blue Ridge Mountains. Outages were also reported by co-ops in Missouri, Tennessee and Kentucky, and the same weather system caused problems in parts of Virginia.

About 1,300 members of Southside Electric Cooperative remained without power early Tuesday, said Ronald O. White, vice president of member and public relations for the Crewe, Virginia-based co-op. “At the peak of the event, nearly 10,000 members were impacted,” White said.

Heavy snow caused problems with falling and leaning trees, which damaged electrical equipment across the co-op’s service territory, White said. Crews from Warsaw, Virginia-based Northern Neck Electric Cooperative and Choptank Electric Cooperative, headquartered in Denton, Maryland, joined contractors to help Southside EC repair its lines.

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

The nation’s top cybersecurity watchdog and industry experts concur: When it comes to protecting the electric grid from cyberthreats, public-private partnerships are vital.

“We can all agree our nation’s security depends on safe, reliable energy infrastructure,” said Jeff Baumgartner, senior adviser at the Department of Energy’s Office of Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response (CESER). “It is critical that we out-innovate our adversaries.”

Baumgartner addressed an Oct. 1 congressional staff briefing on Capitol Hill organized by NRECA, the American Public Power Association and the Edison Electric Institute to kick off National Cyber Security Awareness Month.

DOE has a multiyear plan for CESER to heighten cybersecurity for grid resilience along with research and development and demonstration of technologies involving the department’s national laboratories, universities and industry, Baumgartner said.

A panel of cybersecurity experts emphasized the importance of the federal government working with utilities and the value of sharing information.

“Collaboration is king to protecting our nation from the variety of threats we now face,” said Ron Keen, a senior adviser at the Department of Homeland Security. “Whatever the threat of tomorrow is, we must begin preparing today, and we must do it together.”

“Cybersecurity is a shared responsibility between industry and government,” said Puesh Kumar, DOE director of preparedness and exercises. “We see this as a public-private partnership.”

Fritz Hertz, director of legislative and regulatory affairs at the North American Electric Reliability Corp. (NERC), noted that only the electricity sector is subject to mandatory cybersecurity standards. NERC’s critical infrastructure protection, or CIP,  standards cover generation and transmission cooperatives among other entities that interact with the electric grid.

Ben Waldrep, senior vice president and chief security officer at Duke Power, underscored the importance of tabletop exercises and cyberthreat simulations. Owners and operators of the bulk power system participate in NERC cybersecurity drills dubbed GridEx. To keep up with cybersecurity, utilities and other parties involved with the bulk electric power system “must drill, drill, drill,” he said, and “follow up on tests.”

Public-private partnership efforts in the electric utility industry are strongly supported by the Electricity Subsector Coordinating Council (ESCC). Electric cooperatives are members of the 31-seat ESCC, the principal liaison between the power sector and leaders in the federal government.

CEOs serving on the ESCC include Jim Matheson of NRECA, Duane Highley of Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corp., who is also one of three co-chairs, Greg Ford of Georgia System Operations Corp. and Jay Bartlett of Wabash Valley Power Association. A fifth co-op CEO will be named to the ESCC soon.

Additionally, generation and transmission co-ops participate in the Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center (E-ISAC), which is part of NERC. The E-ISAC in its information-sharing role provides further support of the public-private partnerships.

Cathy Cash is a staff writer at NRECA.

Read More:

RC3 Leverages ‘Cooperation Among Co-ops’ to Confront Cybersecurity Challenges

New Federal Risk Center Will Help Co-ops, Other Sectors Coordinate Cybersecurity

Cybersecurity is a never-ending battle, with online criminals constantly adapting their tactics to outsmart the latest patch or protocol.

Fortunately, electric cooperatives have a partner in the fight: NRECA’s Rural Cooperative Cybersecurity Capabilities Program (RC3).

RC3, now entering its third and final year of funding from the U.S. Department of Energy, is aimed at helping co-ops create a culture of cybersecurity with resources, tools and trainings tailored to their unique needs.

“Size, location, access to cybersecurity experts, these are all critical issues for electric cooperatives confronting cybersecurity challenges,” said Cynthia Hsu, NRECA cybersecurity program manager and RC3 lead. “One way cooperatives can balance the scales is through our commitment as co-ops to help one another. The RC3 program is designed to facilitate and build on our cooperative culture.”

Since its inception in 2016, RC3 has provided cybersecurity training to more than 200 leaders at 36 co-ops through the RC3 Self-Assessment Research Program. These cooperatives have in turn helped the RC3 team build a self-assessment toolkit for all NRECA members to use.

In 2017, RC3 held six cybersecurity summits around the country where co-op staff exchanged experiences and knowledge. Nearly 200 attendees from 152 co-ops participated. RC3 also is providing vouchers to 40 co-ops for training at the SANS Institute, a nationally recognized information security educator.

“Bringing co-ops together to talk about the difficulties they face and creative solutions they use has been a key to the success of the RC3 effort,” Hsu said. “There’s really no substitute for one-on-one interactions. And the feedback for summits was so overwhelmingly positive we are organizing another series of five summits.”

In addition, the RC3 team is writing a series of seven cybersecurity guidebooks to help co-ops understand the unique cybersecurity responsibilities associated with each job role, such as communications and member services, human resources and benefits administration, finance and billing, and attorneys and legal staff.

“Cybersecurity is not just an IT problem,” said Hsu. “Every staff member in a co-op has a responsibility and opportunity to help defend their cooperative.”

Hsu says since the launch of RC3, she’s seen a steady elevation of the issue of cybersecurity among electric cooperatives. “People have begun to understand that there’s no such thing as too small or too remote,” says Hsu.

“Like safety, cooperatives are interested in building a culture of security. Our job in the RC3 program is to help them along the way, providing training, tools and resources to build stronger cybersecurity programs.”

For questions, contact Cynthia Hsu, NRECA cybersecurity program manager, cynthia.hsu@nreca.coop, or the RC3 team at CyberSecurityRC3@nreca.coop.

Read More:

Cybersecurity Responsibility Belongs to Every Co-op Employee

Sydney Covitz interned for NRECA’s Business and Technology Strategies department in summer 2018.

A tornado is like a blender, tearing apart objects in its grasp with spinning force, but a derecho is like a closed fist, delivering punishing body blows to anything it hits. Six years ago, the Ohio Valley/Mid-Atlantic derecho knocked out electricity to 5 million people, earning it a spot on The Weather Channel’s Top 10 list of severe weather outbreaks.

“When the derecho hit in June of 2012, CVEC had just under 35,000 total accounts that we were serving at the time,” recalled Gary Wood, president & CEO of Central Virginia Electric Cooperative.  “About 18,600 went out, so a little over half of our customers were out of power that night.”

The Colleen-based distribution co-op was one of dozens of electric cooperatives in 12 states that reported power outages as a result of the storm that swept eastward from the Midwest June 29-30, 2012.

A Weather Channel production crew visited CVEC’s headquarters earlier this year to hear firsthand accounts from co-op crews involved in rebuilding lines, restoring service and re-energizing communities buffeted by winds in excess of 58 to 74 mph. The derecho story is set to air on TWC’s “Top Ten” show in November, during the series’ fourth season.

“We tell the stories of not only what happened, but also tell human interest stories through the eyes of those that were in the middle of the violent events,” said Howard Sappington, vice president of original productions for The Weather Channel. “The 2012 derecho is the only one of its kind on our list.”

“The story of the derecho will always be a story about the heroic job done by line crews from all of our electric cooperatives,” said Richard Johnstone, CEO of the Virginia, Maryland and Delaware Association of Electric Cooperatives.

Johnstone’s praise not only included co-ops directly affected by the event, but also those that responded with help under NRECA’s mutual aid agreements, codifying the concept of cooperatives helping cooperatives.

“We had 150 poles broken. On a normal day, it takes three or four men anywhere from four to eight hours to put a pole up,” Wood told the crew. “We replaced 150 poles that week. We had close to 150 cross arms broken and over a mile of conductor on the ground. It took us seven days to get power back on—seven tough days.”

Derechos are by definition widespread, long-lived wind storms that can include bands of fast-moving heavy rain showers, tornados, hail and straight-line winds. Originally identified as a weather phenomenon in 1888, they did not begin gaining widespread attention until technology improvements in radar and forecasting improved tracking and analysis in the late 1980s.

The June 2012 weather system initially developed over eastern Iowa and western Illinois. It drew convective energy from triple-digit temperatures in the region as it moved more than 700 miles eastward in 12 hours at speeds topping 60 mph.

The hourlong episode includes interviews with Talmage Eubank and Jason Prechel, two CVEC journeyman line technicians involved in power restoration in the days after the derecho struck.

“The whole video experience was a lot of fun,” said Prechel, the CVEC crew foreman who, like Eubank, admitted he was nervous about his moment in the spotlight.

“It’s not something I’m used to,” explains Eubank.

“We were able to run through questions with him and get him up to speed before he had to sit in front of the camera and answer questions,” said Melissa Gay, communications and member services manager for CVEC, who helped coordinate the video shoot. “It was a great learning experience for me and it was an honor to be a part of it.”

Watch: A behind the scenes look at Central Virginia Electric Cooperative on The Weather Channel’s “Top 10.”

Updated: Sept. 18, 8:45 a.m.

When electric cooperative employees and their consumer-members remember the storm known as Florence, many will likely talk about it as two events that hit back to back, with winds and heavy rain first, followed by flooding that pushed streams and rivers into subdivisions and neighborhoods.

“All the water that came in when Florence was a hurricane or tropical storm is now headed back toward the coast as stormwater runoff,” said Gay Johnson, director of corporate communications at Four County Electric Membership Corp. “We have a lot of flooded roads and debris, including broken limbs and uprooted trees that are blocking the roadways, so we still can’t get to many of the areas we need to reach to repair the lines.”

The Burgaw, North Carolina-based co-op had 17,000 meters out as of Tuesday morning.

“We’re answering calls 24/7, with member service reps working 7 a.m. to 7 p.m., before they are relieved by the night shift that covers phones until morning,” said Johnson. “We’re all staying here, because our headquarters is like an island, with everything flooded around us.”

While flash flooding has been the problem in many areas, the focus is now on river and stream flooding, with dozens of major waterways still days away from cresting. As electric cooperative crews work nonstop to restore power, co-ops are warning their members that more outages could come.

With the Northeast Cape Fear River already out of its banks and inland flooding still getting worse, some co-op-served communities that suffered days of torrential rains and gale-force winds are likely to see waters rise again in the days ahead.

“The rivers have not crested yet, so if we were even able to get home, we might not be able to get back,” said Johnson. “This is a catastrophic event that we could be facing like this for as long as two weeks.”

• North Carolina co-op outage map
• South Carolina co-op outage map

Slow-but-Steady Progress

Power restoration efforts have quickly reduced the numbers of co-op meters out of service as a result of wind damage over the weekend. Outage numbers in co-op-served territories in North Carolina were down to 112,000 on Tuesday morning from a high of 326,000 on Friday.

For Newport, North Carolina-based Carteret-Craven Electric Cooperative, ongoing transmission issues still being repaired by investor-owned utility crews have kept the co-op from restoring service to about two-thirds of its overall membership.

“We’ve been able to power up several substations from our transmission substation,” said the co-op’s communications director, Lisa Galizia. “We’ve done that to get power on where we can, but there are still some places we still can’t reach.”

But across the co-op’s service territory, more than 280 lineworkers and tree crew members have been busy rebuilding the system so that when the substations are re-energized, more subdivisions and neighborhoods will be quickly put back online.

“We’ve got a crew on every circuit coming out of every substation,” said Galizia. “While they’re running into some issues, the water is starting to recede. Conditions are soggy, but they’re working in there to do what they can.”

With parts of many roads closed in North and South Carolina, including some stretches of Interstate 95, crews in many hard-hit areas have faced detours reaching areas where they safely can restore power.

The Perils of More Flooding

Co-ops are warning that more outages are possible particularly in areas that include newer commercial and residential developments served by buried power lines and ground-mounted transformers.

“Underground systems are not directly affected by toppled trees,” said Rob Ardis, an electrical engineer and CEO of Santee Electric Cooperative in Kingstree, South Carolina.

“The buried wires are heavily insulated for years of safe, dependable service, and the transformers sit above ground, covered from rain but in unsealed cabinets,” said Ardis, whose cooperative serves about 44,000 members in four counties. “We can’t seal the transformer cabinets, because the heat they generate needs a way to get out.”

Floodwaters can inundate the transformer cabinets, damaging internal components, and saltwater from storm surge can damage switch gears and other equipment, causing more outages.

Officials in South Carolina have warned that flooding could persist for several more days as waterways rise and fall as part of the natural drainage process. Some rivers in the Carolinas are rising more quickly than hydrologists forecast, and as many as 50 rivers in the Southeast and parts of the mid-Atlantic region could be pushed to or above flood stage in the days ahead.

Record rainfall in parts of the mid-Atlantic region this summer means trees there, still heavy with leaves, are at risk.

Co-ops Helping Co-ops

Mutual aid has been the muscle backing up the bone structure of the co-op network in areas hit by Florence. Co-op crews and their longtime contractors have logged thousands of miles to reach hard-hit areas and then taken guidance from co-op retirees, staking technicians, engineers and meter techs to make sure they are working where they can make the most impact getting service restored to as many members as possible.

“In the electric co-op world, teamwork means linemen and crews rally to support those without power,” said Kristie Aldridge, director of communications for North Carolina’s Electric Cooperatives. “Hundreds of crews, some from as far away as Alabama, Florida, Indiana and Minnesota, are assisting our North Carolina co-ops to form teams that will not stop until every light is on.”

Electric co-ops from more than a dozen states, including those from parts of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia that originally kept their crews available for local response, are now involved in power restoration where they are needed.

“Arkansas cooperatives have sent approximately 100 pieces of equipment that include service bucket trucks, bucket trucks, digger derricks, pickups and pole trailers,” said Rob Roedel, a spokesman for Arkansas Electric Cooperatives Inc., adding that more crews remain available should they be needed.

“Personnel from the Alabama Rural Electric Association are keeping in close touch with their counterparts in North Carolina so plans can be made to shift crews from one area to another, as the need arises,” said Lenore Vickrey, the association’s vice president of communications. She added that if they are needed, “the crews can expect to spend a week to 10 days helping restore power.”

About 175 co-op staffers from Georgia are also committed to the rebuilding effort, with equipment from 22 of the state’s co-ops now in the region.

“We have a network of cooperatives across the country that will spring into action and help a fellow co-op during emergencies and times of crisis,” said Harry Reeves, vice president of training, education and safety for Georgia Electric Membership Corp. “We have an unwritten agreement that says if we’re in trouble, they help us. In return, we help them.”

That mutual aid force is making a huge impact toward cutting outage numbers, and crews are being shifted around as work is completed.

“Thirty-three Missouri electric co-ops sent 182 cooperative lineworkers to the Carolinas to assist with storm cleanup,” said Jim McCarty, a spokesman for the Association of Missouri Electric Cooperatives. “Missouri sent both construction and service crews to help with the power restoration efforts.”

National Response to Power Outages

NRECA continues to work with the Department of Homeland Security, FEMA and top executives from the electric utility industry supporting a co-op response that could involve mutual assistance from across the nation for weeks to come.

“Major storms like Florence test our resolve, but also bring out the best in electric cooperatives as they work around the clock to reconnect local communities,” said NRECA CEO Jim Matheson.

“Daily phone calls with folks on the ground and those planning to travel to help restoration are coordinated by the statewide storm coordinators,” said Martha Duggan, NRECA’s regulatory issues director. “The information from those calls is helpful as we provide situational awareness to our federal partners.”

“This is a long-duration event, and we appreciate the ongoing leadership from DOE, DHS, and FEMA in helping to coordinate the industry’s response with federal, state, and local officials,” said Duane Highley, president and CEO of Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corp.

Highley co-chairs the Electric Subsector Coordinating Council, which works with federal partners and other stakeholders to help maintain and secure the nation’s power grid and other critical infrastructure.

ESCC officials have said the industry, its contractors, and state and federal agencies have committed about 40,000 people to the Florence response for the electric grid.

Read more:

Information Hub: Electric Co-ops and Florence
NRECA Supporting Co-ops in Affected Areas
Photo Gallery: Scenes From Co-ops’ Storm Response
Co-ops’ Social Media Outreach

Electric cooperatives serving members in coastal areas from the Carolinas to the mid-Atlantic region are preparing to handle outages and other emergencies that could come with Hurricane Florence.

The storm, which has the potential to strengthen before its predicted landfall along the Carolina coast later this week, prompted governors in North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia and Maryland to order mandatory evacuations of barrier islands and coastal communities on Sept. 10.

North Carolina’s 26 electric cooperatives have activated emergency plans and stepped up preparations for the storm.  Line crews are using this time to stock their trucks with materials needed for repairs and are testing equipment to make sure it is ready for use. Staff meetings and conference calls are also being held to coordinate response efforts and support from co-op crews in other states if needed.

“We will do everything we can to minimize disruption to service while keeping members informed and safe,” said Nelle Hotchkiss, chief operating officer for North Carolina’s Electric Cooperatives. “We urge everyone to prepare now by making a plan, assembling an emergency kit and following the instructions of local officials.”

In South Carolina, “though we don’t know the exact path of Florence, we are expecting that some of our co-ops will be impacted by the storm,” said Todd Carter, vice president of loss control and training at The Electric Cooperatives of South Carolina.

“As soon as a damaging weather event becomes a possibility, we activate a long-standing, formal agreement with multiple surrounding states,” said Carter. “We reserve repair crews and plan for them to be close to at-risk areas after a storm passes.”

Co-ops in Georgia committed personnel and equipment to restoration work in South Carolina as soon as crews are needed.

National Weather Service forecasters have warned that the massive weather system could produce damaging winds at any point within 140 miles of its center. They also have forecast heavy sustained rains topping accumulations of 20 inches to 40 inches in some areas between Wednesday and Saturday.

Florence is potentially the worst storm to threaten the Carolina coast in nearly 30 years.  Hurricane Hugo struck just north of Charleston, South Carolina, as a Category 4 storm on Sept. 22, 1989.

Concerns about hurricane damage extend both northward and inland into the Appalachian region, with co-ops in Virginia, Maryland and Delaware preparing for outages and other potential damage to their transmission and distribution systems.

“With the ground already saturated, additional heavy rain and strong winds could result in widespread, prolonged power outages,” said Casey Hollins, director of communications and public relations for Fredericksburg, Virginia-based Rappahannock Electric Cooperative.

“Impacts could be felt as early as late Wednesday, and heavy rain and wind could continue through the weekend,” said Hollins, adding that significant flooding is possible.

Southern Maryland Electric Cooperative issued similar warnings to its members on its website and social media outlets.

“Personnel are preparing to respond to outages that may result from falling trees and flooding,” said Tom Dennison, a spokesman for the Hughesville-based distribution co-op. “With the ground already saturated from recent rainfall, the likelihood that trees will fall on power lines is increased.”

Co-ops in all of the affected states are committed to keeping members informed about the outages, and many are now offering real-time outage maps that note affected areas and can include projections on restoration time.

Read more:

NRECA Supporting Co-ops in Affected Areas Ahead of Hurricane Florence

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Electric cooperatives and other key sectors on the frontlines of cyberattacks from Russia and other nation states will get a boost from the federal government as key agencies form a new National Risk Management Center under the Department of Homeland Security.

The center will serve as “the focal point for threat information facing telecommunications, financial services and electricity,” said Duane Highley, CEO of Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corp. & Arkansas Electric Cooperatives Inc.

“Our federal partners are making the first commitments to creating a true coordinated multisector response to the growing cyber threat, bringing together electric utilities, telecom, and the financial services sector through unprecedented cooperation.”

DHS, the FBI and the Energy, Defense and Treasury departments launched the center during the National Cybersecurity Summit in New York City on July 31. Highley, co-chair of the Electric Subsector Coordinating Council, participated in a CEO roundtable at the event. The ESCC is the principal liaison between the federal government and the electric utility sector leadership for coordinating preparation to national disasters or threats to critical infrastructure.

The federal agencies committed to “work together, along with CEOs from each sector, to share threat information and to coordinate response across sectors in the event of a physical or cyber event,” Highley said in an interview following the summit.

He said that the federal effort is a welcome development, but that electric cooperatives must continue to enhance their own resources and build a dedicated defense.

“Our partnership with these federal agencies is one way to leverage our resources, but we cannot rely on that alone,” Highley said. “Our members expect us to keep their power reliable and affordable. A cyberattack hurts both of those objectives.”

He noted the electric utility sector is held in high regard by the federal agencies for its cybersecurity practices, but he cautioned that now is not the time to ease up.

“We were told a number of times by both DHS and DOE leadership that the electric sector has been the model sector in terms of CEO engagement, public/private coordination and development of standards and best practices,” Highley said. “That said, there is still much more we can do.

“The enemy is continually testing our critical infrastructure and looking for any gap. They would delight in compromising even the smallest utility systems.”

Among other requests, the ESCC and industry leaders have asked the federal government for timelier processing of classified clearances for key personnel and more cost-effective cyber-solutions for small utilities such as municipals and co-ops, Highley said.

“We need insight from our federal partners on the classified threats they see developing, and we need to share information with them about the threats we are seeing to help us both connect the dots, anticipate and deflect the next wave of cyberattacks.”

After a raging California wildfire took out its only transmission line, Anza Electric Cooperative harnessed mobile generators to maintain service.

“Southern California Edison reports approximately two to five miles of line down in extremely rugged country,” said Kevin Short, CEO of Anza Electric. “We’ve suffered the complete loss of our incoming transmission feed.”

The Cranston Fire has scorched more than 13,000 acres, destroyed more than a dozen buildings and prompted the evacuation of hundreds from the area since July 25. Authorities arrested an arson suspect in California’s Riverside County. The fire was 82 percent contained as of July 31.

“All of the losses to homes and property were suffered by residents outside our service territory,” said Short. The co-op hosted an emergency meeting at its Anza headquarters July 26 so regional officials could provide an update and Short could share his plans to restore and maintain service.

While initially the co-op expected to rotate power through its substations for about one hour, two or three times a day, four trailer-sized generators were deployed by midday July 27. Together, they’ve provided enough power to handle between 50 percent and 68 percent of the co-op’s demand.

The Generation and Transmission Cooperatives of Arizona has been assisting its member distribution co-op since service disruptions began July 25.

“We worked on a plan to add mobile generation to their system, and how and where the units should be connected at what voltage,” said Barry Brown, the Benson, Arizona-based G&T’s executive director of engineering and transmission maintenance. “Then we found the vendors and secured the equipment and cabling we needed, and shipments began arriving Friday.”

Engineering and substation specialists from Arizona helped with the interconnection, and distribution lines were re-energized July 28.

“We have 12 megawatts of onsite generation and are able to provide 75 percent of our load with 90 percent reliability,” said Short. “We must rotate circuits in two areas due to limitations of generation interconnection, but we can get everyone power for most of the time.”

Anza Electric has also received a lot of help from Southern California Edison, which owns the transmission line damaged by the blaze.

“They have helped us by getting us in touch with their transmission repair contractor, and crews are already helping us with repairs to our transmission lines,” said Short. “SCE has also extended help with telecommunications, food for our staff, and a contact for diesel fuel for our emergency generation.”

The investor-owned utility is using the co-op’s headquarters to stage repair and relief efforts, which could take two weeks.

“We’re importing 15,000 to 24,000 gallons of fuel per day to run the generators, which is the single critical link for us to be able to deliver energy to our members,” said Short.

A co-op subsidiary, Connect Anza, temporarily lost its fiber connection when its investor-owned telecommunications provider lost power to a backup generator. The co-op’s internet subscribers lost service, and telecommunications to Anza EC’s offices were temporarily disrupted until the co-op dispatched fuel to the provider to get its generator running.

“We have donated generators and fuel to several critical infrastructure points in the community,” said Short. While daytime temperatures in the high desert area have hit the triple digits, overnight lows have dipped below 50 degrees.

The fuel assistance has been provided to a warming/cooling center, a temporary emergency shelter and a temporary animal shelter for displaced horses and pets, said Short. “We have brought bottled water to the area multiple times and are continuing to do so.”

A cyberattack on the electric grid, widespread misinformation on social media, isolated blackouts, communications failures and active shooters.

Is it ever too early to plan for the barrage of emergencies?

The answer is a resounding “no” from electric co-op veterans of GridEx IV.

“GridEx focuses attention on continuous improvement to our cyber- and physical security efforts as we strive for operational excellence,” said Mike Kraft, senior engineer at Basin Electric Power Cooperative in Bismarck, North Dakota.

The biennial exercise organized by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) gives utilities large and small the opportunity to flex their security muscles under extreme simulated emergencies.

“The lessons learned from GridEx assist Basin Electric in protecting our critical infrastructure. This helps us provide reliable power to our members,” said Kraft.

About 6,500 individuals and 450 organizations across industry, law enforcement and government agencies participated in the simulation exercise last November. NERC recently released a report with details and findings from the exercise.

Twenty-six G&Ts and 24 distribution cooperatives participated in GridEx IV. Co-op participation has grown significantly. In 2015, a total of 18 G&Ts and distribution co-ops took part in GridEx III.

“We do internal drills several times a year, but GridEx gives us the opportunity to participate in an exercise of this magnitude with large-scale coordination of entities,” said David Revill, vice president, power technology at Georgia System Operations Corporation (GSOC) in Tucker, Georgia. “We take cyber- and physical security extremely seriously, and believe that practice makes perfect.”

Tri-State Generation & Transmission also conducts “several internal and external exercises to validate and improve our processes,” said David W. Sayles Jr., business resiliency manager for G&T in Westminster, Colorado. “GridEx IV reinforced the importance of coordinating with external partners during a cascading coordinated national attack scenario.”

GridEx V is slated for Nov. 13-14, 2019.

Putting Communications to the Test

GSOC has participated in all four NERC GridEx drills. Basin Electric took part in GridEx III and GridEx IV. Each year the exercise creates more challenging scenarios, forcing participants to strengthen their security strategies.

Brian Haggard, GSOC’s lead planner for GridEx IV, noted that the exercise “really put communication and coordination methods to the test.”

GridEx IV emphasized social media, where the public and the utility try to communicate as malevolent actors use the platform to spread false messages to trigger mayhem.

“Spending time on social media may not be what you think of as work, but, when responding to a cybersecurity event, both internal and external communications are essential,” said Haggard.

Kraft urged co-ops to “identify who needs to know what, when do they need to know it, and how the communication will occur.”

“Communications are a key component to success during a crisis,” he said. “Recognize that and have a plan to deal with communication barriers.”

The co-ops plan to tweak their internal drills using lessons learned from the NERC exercise.

“Adversaries keep changing their methods,” said Haggard. “We need to evolve with them.”

Defending co-ops starts now

GridEx participants said keeping their co-ops safe doesn’t end with this exercise, and they encouraged other co-ops to get involved as soon as possible.

Tri-State G&T first got involved as an observing organization during GridEx III.

“That prepared us for full participation in GridEx IV,” said Sayles. “Observing the exercise helped us set meaningful objectives and identify the Tri-State departments to participate in 2017.”

Co-ops that have never participated should use the NERC report “as a punch list against their cybersecurity strategy,” said Kraft. Basin Electric invited member co-ops to be observers during the recent GridEx.

Kraft also recommends co-ops join NERC’s Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center (E-ISAC) and NRECA programs such as the Rural Cooperative Cyber Security Capabilities Program (RC3).

GSOC’s Revill noted that there is a “significant investment” of time involved in planning and participating in the two-day exercise. But co-ops can tailor their participation to fit their organization, he said. “Whether you’re a large or small co-op, there’s something for you in this exercise.”

The calendar says spring, but electric cooperatives in several states have been busy tackling power outages caused by blizzards, wildfires, nearly three feet of rain in some areas, and hurricane force winds.

In western Oklahoma, where many co-op-served communities have had no measurable rainfall in more than six months, tinder-dry vegetation has burned thousands of acres.

A crew from Northwestern Electric Cooperative rebuilds lines burned by wildfires near Camargo, Oklahoma. (Photo By: Clint LeForce/Northwestern EC)

“Northwestern Electric Cooperative has lost more than 800 distribution poles, and damages are in excess of $2 million,” said Sid Sperry, director of public relations, communications and research for the Oklahoma Association of Electric Cooperatives.

Sperry added that crews from the Woodward-based co-op have responded to fire-related outages since April 11. With humidity in the single digits and seasonal winds of 25 to 40 mph, fire risks remain high.

“Western Farmers Electric, a G&T co-op based in Anadarko, has lost more than 100 transmission assets in counties served by Northwestern,” said Sperry, adding that four other Oklahoma co-ops have also suffered wildfire damage.

In the upper Midwest, bitter cold temperatures and arctic winds pushing south from Canada have brought late-season blizzards to parts of the Dakotas, Minnesota and Nebraska.

“We had 70 transmission poles down,” said Carrie Law, director of communications and government relations for Sioux Valley Energy in Colman, South Dakota. “Winds in our area hit 80 mph.”

About 1,500 of the co-op’s 22,000 meters were without power following an April 13 blizzard. Restoration work concluded April 16, but permanent repairs continue.

Co-op and public power district crews working restoration in the region have had to periodically stand down as high winds pick up and new storms develop.

“At times you couldn’t see more than about 20 feet,” said Earl Reilly, operations superintendent for Sidney, Nebraska-based Wheat Belt Public Power District.

“The majority of our system was out at one time,” said Pam Weiser, Wheat Belt PPD’s business manager. She added that the PPD’s response was an “all hands on deck” event.  CEO Tim Lindahl pitched in much of the weekend to help keep members informed on restoration progress through social media updates.

“We may continue to have short outages in the coming weeks to continue the repairs,” Lindahl wrote in an April 15 Facebook posting. He said that portions of the system remained fragile and more outages could occur, with crews busy for weeks making permanent repairs.

Crews from Great Lakes Energy spent days restoring power after a spring snowstorm. (Photo By: Great Lakes Energy)

Frigid winds, picking up moisture from the Great Lakes, spread a wintry mix of snow, ice and heavy sleet to co-op territories in Wisconsin, Michigan and Ohio.

“We got heavy snow throughout the weekend,” said Shari Culver, vice president of communications, marketing and energy optimization for Boyne City, Michigan-based Great Lakes Energy Cooperative. “We cover 26 counties, and had outages in 22 of those.”

A combination of howling winds and heavy snow slowed restoration work as crews dealt with downed trees and deep snow drifts. Total accumulations over two days topped 31 inches. While power was restored to most areas April 17, disruptions continued for members.

“Schools across our service territory were closed two days this week, which is unheard of for April,” Culver said.

Rain has been the problem in the Southeast, where trees leafing out with spring growth are heaving their roots in soaked soils.

Heavy rains in the Southeast have softened ground in some areas, causing some co-op poles to shift out of alignment. (Photo By: Blue Ridge Electric Cooperative)

“Large trees are falling onto our lines from outside of the rights of way,” said Renee Whitener, director of public relations for Blue Ridge Energy. Crews from the Lenior, North Carolina-based co-op have been busy clearing limbs and downed trees from forested rights of way, restoring outages and repairing pole foundations along washed out roadways.

Meanwhile, Hawaii’s only electric cooperative has crews responding to outages across its service territory after more than 32 inches of rain fell over Kauai Island in 48 hours.

Kauai Island Utility Cooperative crews have been working closely with other first responders since rescue and relief efforts geared up April 16.

“A KIUC pickup truck was airlifted [Tuesday] morning by military helicopter to Wainiha for use by KIUC personnel to assess damage above the landslides,” said Beth Tokioka, communications manager of the Lihue-based co-op.

A military helicopter also helped transport a fiberglass replacement pole to an isolated location, but flooded roads and mudslides have kept the co-op from moving heavy equipment to areas where repairs are needed.

KIUC crews have also temporarily de-energized lines in some areas to reduce risk to air rescue operations, and they’ve restored service to public works facilities so pumping stations could move fresh water to island communities.

A $1.3 trillion spending bill that includes a number of electric cooperative priorities passed Congress and was signed into law by President Trump on March 23.

“This bill strengthens programs that are essential to the economic health of rural America while also emphasizing the need to continue pursuing innovative solutions to future energy and economic needs,” NRECA CEO Jim Matheson said of the measure, which keeps the federal government running through Sept. 30, the end of fiscal 2018.

One key provision provides a boost to electric co-ops that want to bring broadband to their members. The bill authorizes $600 million for the Agriculture Department to make loans and grants for rural broadband, which Matheson called “a positive step towards connecting the rural economy and closing the digital divide.”

“High costs and low population density remain the biggest obstacles to expanding rural broadband access,” said Matheson.

Other provisions benefiting electric co-op operations include $5.5 billion for the Agriculture Department’s electric loan program. Co-ops that borrow to make infrastructure improvements repay the government with interest.

The bill will streamline government red tape that impedes the ability of electric co-ops to manage vegetation near utility rights of way on public lands. Better land management access will allow co-ops to bolster system reliability.

There’s also funding for cybersecurity research and development—a key ingredient as co-ops work to stay ahead of evolving cyber threats. The Cybersecurity for Energy Delivery Systems (CEDS), from which NRECA currently receives funding for the Rural Cooperative Cybersecurity Capabilities Program (RC3), went from $62 million to $75 million.

LIHEAP, the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program, will receive $3.64 billion, up from the current $3.39 billion. The increase follows the annual LIHEAP Action Day on March 13, which NRECA supported, and the March 16 release of a bipartisan letter, signed by 171 House members, urging “no less than $4.7 billion” in LIHEAP funding for fiscal 2019.

The spending bill is also notable for what’s not included. Congress opposed a Trump administration proposal to sell off the transmission assets of three federal Power Marketing Administrations. The bill also avoids drastic cuts to the Rural Economic Development Loan & Grant Program (REDLG).

Michael W. Kahn is a staff writer at NRECA.

NASHVILLE, Tenn.—If there’s one thing Cynthia Hsu wants co-ops to know, it’s that cybersecurity is everyone’s job.

“I guarantee you, every single person has a role to play,” said Hsu, cybersecurity program manager in NRECA’s Business and Technology Strategies unit, at a breakout session during the association’s 2018 annual meeting.

Hsu spearheads NRECA’s Rural Cooperative Cybersecurity Capabilities Program, known as RC3.

“This is a program focused on what a lot of the co-ops are facing, which is very limited IT staff and, for some, no IT staff at all,” she said. “How do we build tools to help those co-ops improve their cybersecurity?”

Thanks to a $7.5 million grant from the U.S. Department of Energy, Hsu and her team have developed a soon-to-be-released self-assessment toolkit to help co-ops begin or enhance their cybersecurity efforts. The toolkit starts with a self-assessment “maturity model,” which is a list of questions guiding co-op staff from the CEO’s office and each department to help them identify their current cybersecurity capabilities.

“The best way to start is understanding what you’re good at now, and where you can improve,” Hsu said.

Thirty-six co-ops field-tested the self-assessment maturity model via a day-and-a-half facilitated session. At the end of the session, the team gets “an understanding for themselves of what their role is,” Hsu said. Again, she reminded the audience, every employee has a role to play in protecting their co-op.

The self-assessment maturity model yields scores in five categories that co-ops can use as a benchmark to measure improvement.

“Our smallest co-op had seven staff and was able to make progress,” Hsu said. “It doesn’t always take a lot of money. Sometimes it just takes focus, and resources, in terms of time and governance.”

Another leg of RC3 is training. Hsu’s team has hosted six cybersecurity summits for co-op employees outside of IT—two were at national labs, two with academic institutions, and one with the American Public Power Association and the Electric Power Research Institute. The RC3 Program plans to hold five more summits in 2018.

To attend an upcoming cybersecurity summit, or learn more about RC3, visit the RC3 page on cooperative.com or contact the RC3 Program team at CyberSecurityRC3@nreca.org.

Need cybersecurity help before the release of the RC3 toolkit? This RE Magazine story can help.

Magen Howard is a contributing writer for NRECA.

Hurricane-force winds knocked out electricity to nearly 2.5 million people from the Great Lakes to the Mid-Atlantic regions and in New England late last week, and electric cooperatives in some of the hardest-hit areas still have crews working to restore service.

“This is the worst weather event to hit our service territory since Superstorm Sandy,” said Chris Reese, CEO of New Jersey’s Sussex Rural Electric Cooperative, which lost about 5,000 of its 12,000 meters.

New Jersey’s only electric co-op had crews out early March 5 restoring service to just over 100 members who were still without power, but in some cases, 400 to 600 feet of new line will have to be installed and energized before service is restored.

The first outages began before noon on March 2, and operations had already arranged for mutual aid crews from co-ops in western and central Pennsylvania.

“We had 10 broken poles, and Asplundh tree crews needed a 70-foot-tall bucket truck to deal with one tangle of downed trees before crews could restore power,” said Reese.

Several co-ops in Virginia reported widespread outages.

“We had more than 40,000 meters out Friday afternoon,” said Casey Hollins, director of communications and public relations for Rappahannock Electric Cooperative. “Winds snapped dozens of poles and downed trees, making it difficult for crews to reach some locations.”

Crews from the Fredericksburg, Virginia, co-op received mutual aid from co-ops in Kentucky, North Carolina and South Carolina. Restoration was stalled in some areas until the Virginia Department of Transportation could clear tree debris and reopen roads.

“We still have about 8,000 meters out, but hope to wrap up restoration by Wednesday,” Hollins said March 5. Member services representatives and social media posts urged members to check the co-op’s outage maps for information on specific trouble locations across the co-op’s 22-county territory.

Virginia’s Northern Neck Electric Cooperative reported nearly 6,500 of its meters out March 2, said Jay Garner, manager of public relations for the Warsaw-based co-op. “With the help of co-op crews from Kentucky and Georgia, our crews worked day and night, and wrapped up the work Sunday afternoon with all members restored.”

Crewe, Virginia-based Southside Electric Cooperative lost nearly 20,000 meters to high winds and falling trees that splintered 35 poles and shredded power lines.

Crews worked around the clock from late Thursday night restoring power until Sunday evening, said Ronald White, vice president of member and public relations for SEC.

The storm, blamed for at least five deaths, disrupted flight schedules and rail transportation along the East Coast before winds subsided March 3. Electric utility crews were still working March 5 to restore service to nearly 500,000 meters in several states.

Co-ops expressed relief that total system damage was not more extensive.

Many compared the winter event to Superstorm Sandy, a massive weather system that began as a tropical depression in October 2012 before becoming a hurricane and morphing into a subtropical weather event. That storm brought high winds, freezing rain, snow and major flooding to parts of 21 states, knocking out electricity to 8.5 million meters that took months to repair.

“We had 5,000 members out at the height of the storm,” said Jeremy Tucker, manager of communications for Delaware Electric Cooperative in Greenwood, Delaware.  “We had 10,000 meters out after Hurricane Sandy, and 20,000 after Hurricane Ike.”

While co-op officials are pleased at how their systems held up under the 60- to 70-mph sustained winds, winter is not over, and high winds are forecast for the Mid-Atlantic region by late this week.

“This was essentially a 24-hour event for us,” said Tucker, noting that all affected members had power restored March 3. “Our crews train for this, it is what they do, and they do it well. Hopefully, this next storm won’t cause major problems.”

Derrill E. Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

NRECA CEO Jim Matheson told U.S. senators examining cybersecurity that the electric power sector is well prepared to combat cyber threats, but said the federal government should pursue greater R&D for small and medium-sized utilities and improve information sharing to bolster the industry’s cyber defense.

“Protecting the electric grid from threats that could affect national security and public safety is a responsibility shared by both the government and the electric power sector,” Matheson told the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee at a March 1 hearing.

“Maintaining the resilience and security of the electric grid requires a flexible approach that draws on a variety of resources and options. As threats and threat actors continue to evolve, so must government and industry’s capability to defend against them.”

Matheson outlined ongoing cybersecurity measures by the electric sector, including participation in federal exercises such as the Department of Energy’s Clear Path and the North American Electric Reliability Corp.’s GridEx.

“The possibility of a cybersecurity attack impacting grid operations is something for which the electric sector has been preparing for years,” he said, noting the industry has bolstered its defenses by partnering with the DOE, national laboratories and other federal agencies on cybersecurity research.

Matheson pointed to the Rural Cooperative Cybersecurity Capabilities Program, or RC3, a cost-shared partnership between DOE and NRECA that has provided cybersecurity assessment and training to more than 150 member co-ops and developed resources for small and mid-sized utilities.

“It’s really a toolbox of different options they can use to identify vulnerabilities and risks and share best practices with each other,” Matheson said in response to a question by Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., about which cybersecurity efforts are working.

RC3 also involves a continuous improvement process. “We all know wherever we are today, we’ve got to get better by tomorrow,” said Matheson.

Sen. Steve Daines, R-Mont., praised electric co-ops as representing a “true cross section of our state” and for their efforts in cybersecurity.

“I do believe our rural co-ops are on the front line in defense of our grid, especially in rural states like Montana,” said Daines. “The co-ops you represent don’t have a lot of excess cash to spend on research or new expensive technologies. Further, there isn’t one single solution we know.”

Matheson agreed that America’s electric cooperatives face diverse circumstances when it comes to protecting against cyberthreats. About 120 co-ops that connect to the bulk electric system must comply with NERC reliability standards and audits to stem operational threats. Meanwhile, smaller distribution co-ops encounter hackers going after personal information.

“We try to create a peer-to-peer relationship where co-ops can compare, consolidate and share assets,” said Matheson. “We have a really coordinated effort to make sure we are sharing best practices with each other to take on the cybersecurity threat.”

Daines also asked about ways his Cyber SAFETY Act, which among other things provides liability protections for private-sector cybersecurity tools and services, might help electric co-ops.

Matheson said rural co-ops and the rest of the electric utility sector support the bill for removing impediments. “Efforts to produce more innovations in this area are something we strongly support and a step in the right direction,” he said.

Cathy Cash is a staff writer at NRECA.

Arlington, Va. – Tomorrow on Capitol Hill, NRECA CEO Jim Matheson will highlight electric co-op cybersecurity efforts and encourage Congress to continue supporting programs that strengthen cyber preparedness. Matheson will testify Thursday before the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources at 10:00 a.m. in Room 366 of the Dirksen Senate Office Building.

“The possibility of a cybersecurity attack impacting grid operations is something for which the electric sector has been preparing for years,” Matheson said. “Maintaining the resilience and security of the electric grid requires a flexible approach that draws on a variety of resources and options.  As threats and threat actors continue to evolve, so must government and industry’s capability to defend against them.”

Matheson will encourage Congress to continue funding cybersecurity research and development through the U.S Department of Energy. He will also ask the Committee to pursue legislation that provides for voluntary, enhanced FBI background checks to improve the ability of co-ops to prevent insider threats.

Electric co-ops are working in partnership with DOE through the Rural Cooperative Cybersecurity Capabilities (RC3) Program to promote cyber awareness at small and medium sized co-ops.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

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President Trump’s budget proposal for fiscal 2019 would boost funds for rural broadband and grid cybersecurity but eliminate funding for the Rural Economic Development Loan and Grant program and LIHEAP, which helps low-income Americans pay to heat and cool their homes.

It also proposes to sell the transmission assets of the power marketing administrations.

“NRECA will respond to these budget proposals as we have in the past, by strongly supporting ideas that are in the best interest of electric cooperatives and vigorously opposing suggestions that negatively impact our members,” said Kirk Johnson, NRECA senior vice president, government relations.

“Through a lot of hard work, Congress has rejected proposals in the past to sell PMA assets and eliminate funding for rural development programs. We’re going to spend the next several months making sure that trend continues.”

The Feb. 12 proposal (PDF) outlines Trump’s ideas for deep budget cuts in FY19. It was developed before Congress passed the $300 billion deal Feb. 9 that increased spending for the next two years. The budget proposal included a brief “addendum” suggesting where the higher spending should occur.

The president’s FY19 plan maintains the USDA’s Rural Utilities Service electric program at $5.5 billion and includes $23.1 million for broadband loans and $30 million for broadband grants.

No funds are proposed for the Rural Business Cooperative Service, which includes REDLG and the Rural Cooperative Development Grant Program. Further, RUS would no longer provide interest payments to co-op borrowers on future deposits to their “cushion of credit” account. Congress already rejected similar suggestions from last year’s budget proposal.

Electric co-ops help meet their rural communities’ needs by obtaining loans from REDLG and then passing the money on to local businesses and projects, ranging from firetrucks to libraries to job-creating initiatives.

Trump also would abolish the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program, which mostly serves the elderly, the disabled and low-income households with children. Congress funded LIHEAP at $3.4 billion last year. Many electric co-op members rely on the program during economic downturns or severe weather.

In a move opposed by electric co-ops, the budget recommends divesting the Tennessee Valley Authority, Bonneville Power Administration, Southwestern Power Administration and Western Area Power Administration of their transmission assets. The budget also would allow them to charge market-based rates, which could boost electricity bills for millions of co-op members and result in more volatile power prices.

To bolster cybersecurity and grid modernization, the proposed budget would apply $96 million to create the Office of Cybersecurity, Energy Security and Emergency Response at the Department of Energy. The Cybersecurity for Energy Delivery Systems office would see its budget double to $70 million. NRECA receives DOE funding for its Rural Cooperative Cybersecurity Capabilities Program (RC3).

The budget also seeks to ease access to federal lands and resources under the Department of the Interior by providing $1 billion for the Bureau of Reclamation. It further calls for streamlining the permitting and review process to facilitate infrastructure projects.

A proposed 30 percent cut in State Department development assistance programs also would result in a major setback for NRECA International electrification programs that bring power to developing countries.

Cathy Cash is a staff writer at NRECA.

With a new study showing that a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse attack could have regional or local effects on power delivery, electric cooperatives and the electric utility industry are working with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, the Department of Homeland Security and other federal agencies to protect the grid.

The Electric Power Research Institute released a report on Dec. 20 that analyses the impact on the grid of certain simulated high-altitude electromagnetic pulse, or HEMP, events.

“For years, the electric sector has been preparing for the possibility of events that could impact grid operations,” said Jim Spiers, NRECA’s senior vice president for Business and Technology Strategies. “Simulations and analyses like this help the electric industry enhance preparedness, safety, grid resiliency and reliability. America’s electric cooperatives work closely with EPRI. Their research will help the industry continue exploring safe, reliable and cost-effective EMP mitigation strategies.”

Co-ops are also partnering with the North American Electric Reliability Corp. and the Department of Energy to have preparations in place for electromagnetic pulse incidents.

For its report, EPRI collaborated with DOE and the national labs in conducting simulations of 11 HEMP incidents across the United States. In one, an “E3” attack, strong enough to displace Earth’s magnetic field, they simulated a 1.4-megaton bomb being detonated about 250 miles above Earth.

None of the E3 simulations led to a nationwide grid failure or failures affecting the entire Eastern or Western interconnections, the report notes. Five would have triggered a regional power failure, potentially affecting several states. Two would have led to more localized failures, the researchers found.

The report’s authors identified measures that could limit the impact of a HEMP attack, including technologies that can reduce or block the flow of geomagnetically induced currents or controls that automatically disconnect power system loads during an event.

Two other types of electromagnetic pulse events tested for the report were a high-magnitude, short-duration pulse (E1) and an intermediate pulse similar to lightning (E2).

EPRI will conduct further research in 2018 to determine the combined impacts of all three pulse events on the power grid.

“We will continue on this path as we identify and test cost-effective measures to reduce grid vulnerability to a HEMP event,” said Michael Howard, EPRI president and CEO.

Cathy Cash is a staff writer at NRECA.

Wildfires in Southern California and the first major winter storm to hit parts of the mid-South and Appalachia knocked out power to more than a quarter-million meters served by electric cooperatives.

Wildfires were burning 35 to 40 miles away from Anza Electric Cooperative’s service territory.

“Southern California Edison temporarily disconnected lines feeding one of their substations that feed our system as a precaution to reduce the fire risks,” said Kevin Short, general manager of the Anza-based co-op. “We had a system-wide outage that affected all 5,200 of our meters for about 22 hours.”

The National Weather Service has issued red flag warnings for high winds that could potentially increase fire danger. Humidity levels in single digits and winds in excess of 20 mph could prompt further service disruptions, Short said.

The co-op contacted all members needing electricity for life support so they could head to locations outside the outage area, and it dispatched a generator to a community building in Anza where members could charge their mobile devices. Anza EC’s fiber-optic internet subsidiary continued to operate on battery power for at least eight hours into the outage period.

Line technician Willie Moon of Crewe, Virginia-based Southside Electric Cooperative works to restore power following heavy snowfall from a winter storm. (Photo By: Southside Electric Cooperative)

Elsewhere, a winter storm that brought measurable snow to parts of Oklahoma and Texas dumped 13 inches of snow in some areas of Georgia.

“Nearly 300 additional linemen and 50 right-of-way crews from Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, Florida and South Carolina have been working in the affected areas,” said Terri Statham, manager of media relations for Georgia EMC. High outage figures for Georgia co-ops topped 159,000 at the height of the storm.

Parts of southern Mississippi received at least six inches of snow. At one point, service to about 59,000 co-op-served meters was out.

“About 150 co-op crew members from other parts of the state came in to help the six worst affected co-ops restore power,” said Ron Stewart, senior vice president of communications for the Electric Cooperatives of Mississippi.

In Alabama, three co-ops received mutual aid from 10 others in restoring power to about 10,000 meters. Outages caused by the snow were also reported in parts of North Carolina and Virginia as the weather system pushed northeast into the mid-Atlantic region.

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Tens of thousands of electric cooperative members in New England began their week without power after the remnants of Tropical Storm Philippe blew through. And some had to wait longer than usual for restoration because many contract utility crews are working in Puerto Rico.

The late-season storm hit New England early Oct. 30, ripping apart and uprooting trees still heavy with autumn leaves.

“At the peak of our outages, we had about 52,000 members out, which is more than 60 percent of our meters,” said Seth Wheeler, communications administrator for New Hampshire Electric Cooperative in Plymouth. “Our crews are cutting and clearing to try to get into areas that have been cut off by downed trees and limbs.”

“A lot of contract crews have been in Puerto Rico helping to restore power there following hurricanes Irma and Maria. We’ve got crews on the road from Ohio heading to New Hampshire, but they won’t arrive for at least two days,” said Wheeler.

More than 30,000 of the co-ops’ meters were still out of service Oct. 31.

“Utilities throughout the region are all in the same situation, with widespread outages,” said Andrea Cohen, government affairs and member relations director for Vermont Electric Cooperative. “There really are not enough workers and local crews to handle outages quickly, so these outages will last longer than usual.”

The Johnson-based co-op reported nearly 40 percent of its meters out of service at midday Oct. 30. The storms knocked out about 15,000 of its meters.

“We’re hoping to get some crews in from the Midwest,” said Cohen. “Some of our more rural members near the end of the line may be out until the weekend.”

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Ed VanHoose was the IT guy. He did troubleshooting, scrubbed computers and immersed himself in cybersecurity at the Association of Illinois Electric Cooperatives as digital menaces emerged in 2007.

Then he took a major leap of faith.

“I believed in the co-op business model,” said VanHoose, who grew up on co-op lines in Illinois and Missouri. “It spoke to me greatly. I wanted to participate to the utmost. That meant going to the CEO role.”

VanHoose took the helm of Clay Electric Cooperative in Flora, Illinois, in 2014, after earning his cooperative leadership credentials through NRECA. Now he is encouraging cybersecurity professionals to join co-ops for fulfilling and exciting careers on the frontlines.

Recruiting the best and brightest for cybersecurity at co-ops can be challenging. Many IT professionals may not know about co-ops or falsely consider them too unsophisticated to offer a challenging environment.

Yet, as he speaks at colleges and other recruiting events about cybersecurity careers, VanHoose says he finds young people gravitating toward the co-op model.

“The key point is member-owned working directly for membership,” he said. “Millennials get a bad rap, but our business model appeals to them and is a great tool for recruitment. They want to work someplace where they earn a salary and have a mission. They can have both at a co-op.”

VanHoose recommends that co-ops looking to beef up their cybersecurity personnel start engaging at high school and community college levels for potential recruits. Have a presence at your closest large university, and be sure to join programs like the FBI InfraGard, in which businesses and government work in partnership, he says. Then, follow through by providing internships.

“These young people need to know we exist,” he said. “Co-ops participating in those circles will be exposed to the right people. You can’t just put an ad in the newspaper.”

At the statewide, he initiated an internship program along the IT and cybersecurity career paths. Because of that, VanHoose now knows professionals at the FBI, major universities and several software vendors in Illinois who started as interns for the AIEC.

VanHoose recalls his first connections to co-ops through their newsletters and statewide magazines. “I got to know the co-op, gave it a try, and this is how it worked out,” he said.

Now, he just wants others to have the same opportunities.

Cathy Cash is a staff writer at NRECA.

If there’s one definitive truth about cybersecurity it’s this: We’re all in it together.

That was a common theme at the forum “Insights on Cybersecurity for Electric Utilities,” hosted by NRECA in collaboration with the National Cyber Security Alliance and Department of Homeland Security.

“Cybersecurity is a shared responsibility. It touches all of our lives, at home and at work,” said NRECA CEO Jim Matheson. “It is arguably one of the most complex and urgent issues that we face as an industry.”

“Information sharing between the government and the private sector is absolutely critical,” added Matheson, who serves on the Electricity Subsector Coordinating Council, the principal policy liaison between leaders of electric utilities and the federal government.

There was emphatic agreement on that point, including from Sabra Horne, the Department of Homeland Security’s director of stakeholder engagement and cyber infrastructure resilience. Horne stressed “bi-directional information sharing” as “very critical” when it comes to cybersecurity.

“We know many things within the government, but we certainly don’t know everything,” Horne told the Oct. 10 session at NRECA’s Arlington, Virginia, headquarters. “You all, being on the front lines, are able to see things that we can’t possibly know.”

Chris Butera encouraged reporting incidents through DHS’s Critical Information Sharing and Collaboration Program.

As director of DHS’s National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center Hunt and Incident Response Team, Butera sees a wide range of cybersecurity efforts at companies big and small. He believes that “the energy sector, as a whole, is probably ahead of some of the other sectors.”

“People have paid a lot more attention in this sector versus many other sectors,” said Butera.

That brought agreement from Puesh Kumar, director of infrastructure security and energy restoration at the Department of Energy, who went a step further.

“The electricity sector takes this threat very seriously, and I can see that because of the partnerships we have,” said Kumar. “They’ve invested billions of dollars to upgrade hardware, software, and implement security controls.”

Kumar acknowledged that while smaller utilities, such as many electric co-ops, are often more nimble, “We also recognize that a small utility may not have enough resources to implement a lot of changes. That’s certainly something that is on the top of our minds at DOE.”

Regardless of size, there’s no room for complacency. One concern raised by Cynthia Hsu, cybersecurity program manager at NRECA’s Business and Technology Strategies unit, is what consumers are doing at home—and maybe not telling the co-op.

“When it’s something that connects to the grid, the challenge from the utility perspective is how do we even know that it happened unless someone reports it to us, and how do we raise the awareness of all of our members in the community so that they understand the significance of their actions in terms of cybersecurity?” said Hsu.

And while cyber threats concern every sector, Acting Federal Trade Commission Chair Maureen Ohlhausen told co-op officials at the forum that “as electric cooperatives, you have great responsibilities—not only to protect the nation’s electric power grid, but to ensure that your members get the flow of energy that they need.”

“The rural areas you serve,” Ohlhausen said, “are part of the economic backbone of America.”

With the help of mutual aid crews and contractors, Georgia co-ops brought back power to more than 550,000 meters less than six days after Hurricane Irma walloped every corner of the state.

Terri Statham, manager of media relations for Georgia Electric Membership Corporation, said more than 4,500 linemen from Georgia and 15 other states participated in the massive effort. “Crews came from as far north as Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Michigan and Wisconsin, and as far west as Texas and Oklahoma,” she said.

Statham said outages had been reduced to less than 5,600 by late Sept. 16, with some work remaining in hard-to-get-to areas.
Sustained gale force winds exceeding 60 mph rattled many co-op-served communities for hours on Sept. 10-11, shredding power lines and bring towering pines crashing into rights of way.

Some co-ops experienced damage to as much as 90 percent of their service area, the statewide association said in a statement. Crews had to cut their way into many areas before repairs begin. “Workers have been replacing record numbers of broken power poles,” said Statham. “Pole replacements are notoriously time- and labor-intensive—one pole replacement can take as much as four hours.”

Strength in Numbers

“This was an ‘all hands on deck’ event because we had to get it done,” said Greg Hill, a line crew leader with Flint Energies. The Reynolds, Georgia-based co-op reported 31,000 of its meters out by nightfall Sept. 11.

“Irma was an epic storm,” added Marian McLemore, the co-op’s vice president of cooperative communications. “It took Flint 80 years to build our 17-county electric system and took just 24 hours of storm conditions to destroy 35 percent of it.”

Repair work even as pelting storms continued across parts of the state.

“It came a long ways inland,” Jeff Dimond, a line crew foreman with Barton County Electric Cooperative, said of the storm. During his career with the Lamar, Missouri, co-op, Dimond has worked mutual aid following four hurricanes. He said he did not see this as the worst of the lot, but was challenged by working woodland restoration.

“When you’ve got that many pine trees, and when you get a lot of wind, you are going to end up with quite a bit of damage,” he said.

Vegetation management crews moved ahead of line crews to clear some of the worst damage, followed by staking crews that set locations for replacement poles vital to restoring distribution systems.

“There are still a lot of services pulled off of houses where people will have to do repairs,” said Bobby Payne, a senior staking technician with Flint Energies. “While there are still trees on some houses, the damage to homes in our service territory was not as bad I expected it to be.”

Flint Energies’ territory has been hit by tropical storms, tornadoes and ice storms, but Irma’s impact was significantly more widespread because of the winds, Payne said.

“There was so much damage statewide that other Georgia co-ops kept their own crews close to home,” said Heath Wilson, Flint Energies’ supervisor of contract construction. “We could not have gotten our numbers down without a lot of out-of-state help.”

Determined Resolve

Journeyman lineman Jerry Weber of Barton County Electric Cooperative did plenty of hot stick work during a mutual aid assignment in Georgia.  (Photo By: Jim McCarty/Rural Missouri)

After working long hours near Warner Robins, Georgia, hungry crews from Barton Electric Cooperative and Laclede Electric Cooperative in Lebanon, Missouri, were shown real appreciation at a local restaurant Sept. 13.

“A lady came up to them and thanked them profusely for their work,” said Jim McCarty, editor of Rural Missouri magazine, who has been traveling with crews from his state. “When she left the manager came over and told them she bought supper for all of them. [It was] $400-plus, counting tip.”

A crew from Ralls County Electric Cooperative in New London, Missouri, found a farmer sitting atop his idling tractor when they showed up to work outages near Montezuma, Georgia.

“His John Deere tractor was equipped with a front end loader,” said McCarty. “He moved most of the trees out of the way, cut hours off the restoration time for this outage. Two hours of work got 10 members on.”

Heartwarming stories, cheers, cupcakes, cookies and hugs have been common among co-op members glad to see power restored.

“I can tell you exactly when we lost power. It was Monday morning at 10 o’clock,” said Bob Smith, an Air Force retiree and Flint Energies member from Bonaire, Georgia.

Smith told crews the power outage caused him to miss his favorite shows on Netflix, but he found other amusements to pass the time as he waited for power to be restored, which it was on Sept. 14.

“Sudoku. In fact, I just posted on Facebook that I am doing Sudoku by flashlight.”

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Jackson EMC, Jefferson, Georgia, has nearly doubled the crews working to restore outages in its service territory with additional crews arriving from cooperatives in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Minnesota, and from Georgia cooperatives GreyStone Power and Carroll EMC. With these additional resources, Jackson EMC has a combined workforce of 750 working to restore outages.

Co-op crews—fortified by mutual aid and contractors—are continuing the task of restoring power to the nearly 1.5 million co-op members left without when Hurricane Irma blew through three states. But in some cases additional issues are compounding problems.

“In five of our 10 counties, there is no electric transmission service,” said Charlotte Heston, vice president of corporate services for Peace River Electric Cooperative in Wauchula, Florida. And she warned some repairs are expected to take weeks to complete.

“The provider serving our eastern division suffered substantial damage to their lines,” said Heston.

Every one of Peace River’s 40,000 meters was offline, and for a time the winds were too strong for crews to work safely, said Heston, who rode out the storm in the co-op’s headquarters, occasionally peeking out from the control room.

“The eye of the storm actually went over our headquarters. The stillness was both terrifying and incredibly cool at the same time,” said Heston. “I was probably more scared than I’ve ever been in my entire life.”

Restoration work continues with the help of mutual aid from Louisiana. Crews are working 16-hour shifts across the co-op’s service territory.

At Madison, Florida-based Tri-County Electric Cooperative, 85 percent of the meters were left without power after Irma.

“Crews are on site and on the way from Texas, Tennessee, Alabama, and Mississippi to assist in the restoration process,” said Kaitlynn Culpepper, community relations specialist. “We will see significant progress made in the coming days.”

That mutual aid is crucial to restoration efforts. Nearly 2,000 co-op employees from 25 states have already arrived or are heading to parts of Florida, Georgia and South Carolina to pitch in on restoration work in the hardest-hit areas.

“People need us, so there’s no reason for us not to be there,” said Wendell Thibodeaux, a journeyman lineman from Jefferson Davis Electric Cooperative, who was heading to Central Florida’s SECO Energy. He was with several crews that left Jennings, Louisiana, Sept. 11 to assist co-ops in Florida.

“It’s good to see people happy when you get their lights back on,” said Thibodeaux.

“We expect to see a lot of downed wires, broken poles and trees all over the place,” said Norm Cormier, another Jefferson Davis EC journeyman lineworker, already comparing Irma’s fury to the destruction left by Hurricane Rita in 2005.

Many of the crews assigned to co-op restoration efforts are committed for up to 10 days. That’s when relayed rotation will kick in to bring fresh co-op personnel into areas still facing major restoration work.

In Georgia, “Tropical-force winds, torrential downpours and the sheer size of Irma resulted in extensive damage to the electric infrastructure,” said Terri Statham, manager of media relations for Georgia EMC. “No area in Georgia was left untouched.”

In neighboring South Carolina, they planned for the worst amid an uncertain storm track.

“Even as the storm was hitting Florida, the potential damage to South Carolina was a moving target,” said Todd Carter, who coordinates in-state and out-of-state support for The Electric Cooperatives of South Carolina.

Carter has been using three computer monitors and two telephones to track his arrangements, and manage shifting requests for assistance.

Meanwhile, if there’s a bright side to Irma, it’s in a place that desperately needs it: Haiti.

Irma skirted the northern edge of the island, but NRECA International said damage was limited to a fallen tree that took down one line. Service was quickly restored. Also, Irma completely avoided the NRECA International-served towns in southwest Haiti which were devastated last year by Hurricane Matthew.

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Flooding and other problems caused by Hurricane Harvey knocked out five substations that belong to investor-owned Entergy, and a Louisiana electric cooperative has stepped in to help restore electricity.

Washington-St. Tammany Electric Cooperative has loaned Entergy a self-contained mobile substation to help get power to thousands of the company’s customers connected to a substation in Vidor, Texas.

“The company called and asked. Since there was a need and we had it available, we approved the request,” said Charles Hill, general manager and CEO of the Franklinton-based co-op.

The trailer-mounted unit is 73 feet long and can be pulled into place in an existing substation.  It’s typically used for maintenance-related outages. The co-op acquired it after rebuilding its system following damage from Hurricane Katrina in 2005.

“The 69-kilovolt high-side can be connected to transmission lines, and the 13.2-kv low-side can be tied into a distribution system,” said Hill. “It’s a fully functioning substation. All of the pieces and parts are there.”

The co-op mobile substation was delivered Sept. 4 and connections were secured within hours.  Testing of the system was completed the following day. The unit is one of five now helping Entergy recover from outages related to Hurricane Harvey.

“The trip to Vidor from Franklinton normally takes about five hours, but it took nearly seven hours to get there because of flooded roads and heavy traffic,” said Billy Gibson, director of communications for the Association of Louisiana Electric Cooperatives.

Gibson accompanied the Washington-St. Tammany crew, and saw flooding comparable to the damage that occurred in the Baton Rouge, Louisiana, area after torrential rains and river flooding in August 2016.

“There was a lot of water moving toward the coast,” said Gibson. “It was also obvious that lots of people were still without electricity a full week after the storm.”

Texas Department of Public Safety troopers provided an escort to the substation site. An Entergy crew positioned the unit and began connecting it to the company’s transmission lines and distribution system.

Although the equipment could be disconnected and returned within eight to 10 hours, plans call for it to remain with Entergy for several weeks unless the co-op needs it, Hill said.

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Read and view all of our Hurricane Harvey coverage.

Tropical Storm Harvey has moved beyond south-central Texas, and although its winds were only gale force, moisture sucked up from the Gulf of Mexico means it is still a wet and destructive force.

Harvey’s second landfall Aug. 30 near Cameron, Louisiana, was in the service territory of Jefferson Davis Electric Cooperative. The storm caused scattered circuit outages; however crews quickly restored substations and are dealing with line problems caused by downed trees as they occur, according to officials from the Jennings, Louisiana-based co-op.

Deridder, Louisiana-based Beauregard Electric Cooperative reported about 3,000 meters out of service within hours of the storm’s approach. Though crews encountered high water in many locations, they brought back power to all but about 20 members by late morning Aug. 31.

“We had three major outages,” said Kay Fox, vice president of marketing and member services at Beauregard EC. “Most of the remaining damage to our system involves lines and poles submerged under water, so we can’t touch those until the water recedes.”

The Association of Louisiana Electric Cooperatives is coordinating intrastate mutual aid for its member co-ops. Beauregard EC is receiving mutual aid from South Louisiana Electric Cooperative Association, Houma, and Northeast Louisiana Power Cooperative, Winnsboro.

Claiborne Electric Cooperative in Homer has requested help from Baton Rouge-based Dixie Electric Membership Corp.

As the storm worked its way inland through central Louisiana, wet bands caused more problems for co-ops in the eastern part of Texas. The storm was expected to add another five to 10 inches of rainfall in some areas, although its 45 mph winds were only about one-third as strong as the sustained winds pushed out last week.

“We had about 5,000 members out, but more than 2,100 of those are connected to one substation,” said Joey Davis, director of member services for Jasper-Newton Electric Cooperative. “We have outages, system-wide, but primarily down near the Gulf or southern end.”

The co-op has been looking for a route to reactivate de-energized lines served by the substation, but high water was keeping crews from reaching some areas where repairs can be made, Davis said.

Co-ops in other parts of South Texas that suffered major storm-related outages over the past week are making substantial progress with restoration.

Victoria Electric Cooperative, which serves the Rockport, Texas, area, had 217 personnel in the field Aug. 30. They are working through outages affecting 22,000 meters that stopped spinning after Harvey’s initial landfall.

In a single day, “this amazing team helped bring over 8,000 meters online,” said Brittany Marsh, communications specialist for the Victoria, Texas-based co-op.

Crews made up of co-op staff, mutual aid workers from 10 other co-ops and contractors are working throughout the co-op’s service territory repairing damaged lines and replacing poles.

“Many of them have left their community, family and comforts of home to be here to help VEC get power to you as quickly as possible,” said Marsh. About 60 percent of the system was back up as of Aug. 31, though repairs could in some areas could take another week, the co-op said.

Mutual aid crews from three Texas co-ops are helping Jackson Electric Cooperative in Ganado, Texas, restore power to 500 members in an area that was previously under a mandatory evacuation.

Seven Texas co-ops are assisting Sinton, Texas-based San Patricio Electric Cooperative with a final push to bring 723 meters back on line as of midday Aug. 31.

Restoration work was nearly concluded for Guadalupe Valley Electric Cooperative, headquartered in Gonzales, Texas, which is getting power to all but two dozen of the 17,000 meters initially knocked out by the storm. “The old saying ‘stronger together’ has never been more evident than at this moment,” said General Manager and CEO Darren Schauer.

Wharton Electric Cooperative, based in El Campo, Texas, and La Grange, Texas-based Fayette Electric Cooperative are continuing touchup repairs as floodwaters subside. Both co-ops serve members in areas that have received more than 20 inches of rain over the past six days.

However, the storm has thrown Sam Houston Electric Cooperative in Livingston on to an outage roller coaster. The co-op had restored service to more than 21,000 meters since Harvey first made landfall as a Category 4 hurricane near Rockport, Texas on Aug. 25.

That didn’t hold.

“We had outages down to 800 [on Aug. 29] and now they’re back up to 5,000,” Keith Stapleton, chief communications officer, said Aug. 30. “Water and trees falling are the problem. The winds are moderate, but the ground is so saturated, it doesn’t take much for the trees to fall over. … We had a big tree fall right across from our office that took out a main feeder for about 20 minutes until we could get it cleared.”

With outage numbers rising, crews and contractors available to Sam Houston EC expect to be busy restoring power for several days—by nightfall Aug. 31, the outage number was just 1,700. But widespread flooding has inundated roads and made some areas inaccessible. Approximately 1,200 of the outages are inaccessible, and many are located in areas that have been evacuated.

“There are areas that are completely under water, and we can’t even see our poles and meters,” said Stapleton.

Flooding along Texas’ Trinity River prompted voluntary evacuations in three counties served by Sam Houston EC. And co-op managers continue to free up time for lineworkers, member services personnel and other staff to see to their homes and families.

“We have some employees who are in the flood zone. Water is getting into the homes of some of our employees as they work to restore power,” said Stapleton.

In some cases, the co-op could help find hotel space for the displaced families, while key field staff and inside support personnel are more likely to take their rest breaks at co-op facilities.

“There’s going to be some roads I won’t be able to get to for however long the flooding lasts,” said Rachel Frey, Sam Houston’s communications specialist. “I needed to get home and sort out arrangements for my dog and get clothes for the next few days.”

Experiences following past storms like Hurricane Rita in 2005 and Hurricane Ike, three years later, have provided useful lessons for planning and executing a prolonged response, Stapleton said.

“We have agreements with local church camps to house visiting crews,” Stapleton said. “We also have arrangements with companies that can provide tent cities for housing, food and support services for visiting crews should that be needed.”

Texas Electric Cooperatives, headquartered in Austin, is shipping poles and hardware to co-ops affected by Harvey. The statewide association is also compiling a list of charitable and community assistance organizations operating in the territories of the affected co-ops to provide storm relief to be shared with the cooperative community, officials said.

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Editor’s note: This post is continually updated with the most recent outage reports.

Read and view all of our Hurricane Harvey coverage.

Electric cooperative line crews from across the state converged on troubled south Texas, toiling in pelting rain and thunderstorms left by Hurricane Harvey as they worked to bring back power to thousands of members who have been in the dark for four days.

While co-ops reported substantial progress in reducing outages from an overall total of 125,000, they face days or weeks of challenges in getting to spots washed out by historic flooding.

“Crews will be coming from as far away as North Plains Electric Cooperative at the top of the Texas Panhandle,” said Martin Bevins, vice president of communications and member services for Texas Electric Cooperatives. The statewide association has been coordinating statewide mutual aid, and requests for assistance from the hardest hit co-ops picked up on Aug. 28.

Bevins added that some co-ops already have received help from sister co-ops in areas that suffered less damage.

Listen: Keith Stapleton, CCO, Sam Houston Electric Cooperative, discusses Hurricane Harvey and the efforts to restore power.

Harvey dumped more than 25 inches of rain in more than 15 counties surrounding the Houston metropolitan area. Squall lines associated with the weather system continued to dump torrential rains over some co-op-served communities. Thousands have been rescued amid rising waters.

Hardest hit was Victoria Electric Cooperative, where Harvey took down 22,000 members, most of the Victoria-based distribution system. As of late afternoon on Aug. 29, the co-op said it had 3,886 meters back online and had restored a key substation. The co-op had 217 linemen linemen working during daylight hours and an internal support staff of 52 working around the clock on restoration efforts.

With a truck nearly up to its doors in water, a team from Victoria Electric Cooperative works to bring back power. (Photo BY: Victoria Electric Cooperative)

“Victoria EC’s restoration efforts were hindered by a rising Guadalupe River which, on Monday morning, was flooding roads, limiting travel and adding uncertainty to the logistics of power restoration,” said Bevins.

“San Patricio Electric Cooperative, headquartered in Sinton suffered near-total outages on its 11,000-meter system,” said Bevins. “Nueces Electric Cooperative, based in Robstown, reported nearly 8,000 meters out immediately after landfall.”

Nueces EC, located west of the storm’s track where rain has been less of a problem, was able to restore power to virtually all of its affected members within 48 hours.

However, San Patricio EC said Aug. 29 that it was down to about 1,500 outages. But getting its full system back could take up to two weeks, said Brittany Williams, the co-op’s public relations coordinator. About 250 people were in the field between co-op crews and contractors.

“We’ve asked for 20 to 25 co-op people for mutual aid,” said Williams. “We’ve got crews coming from Nueces EC, Medina Electric Cooperative in Hondo, Corinth-based CoServ, and North Plains Electric Cooperative in Perryton.”

Guadalupe Valley Electric Cooperative, based in Gonzales, had about 330 members out as of afternoon on Aug. 29, down from 15,000 as of Aug.26.

But heavy rains and flooding stalled restoration in other storm-affected areas.

“We’ve had hurricanes, they blow through in a few hours, this is much worse,” said Keith Stapleton, chief communications officer of Sam Houston Electric Cooperative. “Harvey has camped on top of the area and is expected to make a second landfall on Wednesday.”

The Livingston-based co-op serves more than 70,000 meters in the Piney Woods of east Texas. It reported up to 21,000 meters out at times because of Harvey, but the number has fluctuated up and down as tall trees, held up by rain sodden root systems, have toppled onto power lines.

“Trees are falling almost like dominoes,” said Stapleton, adding that less than 1,800 meters were out of service late Aug. 29. “Trees are falling, and when they fall, they take down power lines.”

Bastrop-based Bluebonnet Electric was down to a handful of outages late Aug. 28. “Bluebonnet had dozens of crews working 12-hour shifts and even resorted to using an air boat to restore power,” said Bevins, citing reports to the statewide association.

In Ganado, Jackson Electric Cooperative said it restored power Aug. 28 to approximately 1,900 homes with the help of 30 linemen from other co-ops and contractors.

“We are still days away from total restoration, but we are optimistic,” the co-op reported.

While Harvey, now a tropical storm, is not expected to redevelop hurricane strength over the Gulf of Mexico, meteorologists have warned that it will pick up even more moisture before it makes a second landfall near Beaumont, Texas, late this week. Highest sustained winds are expected to be around 45 mph.

“We’re expecting winds of only 25 to 30 mph in our service territory, but the ground is already soaked, and trees will uproot fairly easily,” said Stapleton. “That’s going to take down even more trees, so will continue having problems.”

Crews are also dealing with road closures in many areas, making it difficult to complete damage assessments or reach some areas to begin repairs.

Two major 345-kilovolt transmission lines serving the Gulf Coast area are still out of service, along with other high-voltage transmission lines, according to the Electric Reliability Council of Texas, which operates most of the state’s grid. About 6,700 megawatts of generation capacity, including a very small percentage of renewables, was off line, ERCOT said Aug. 28.

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Editor’s note: This post is continually updated to reflect changing outage reports.

Read and view all of our Hurricane Harvey coverage.

In the wake of Hurricane Harvey’s devastation, electric cooperative crews in Texas moved quickly to assess damage and rebuild ravaged systems, but cautioned that full restoration could take weeks, in some cases.

“In the Rockport-Aransas Pass area it looks pretty bad,” said Ronald D. Hughes, CEO and general manager of San Patricio Electric Cooperative. “Restoration in that area is going to take up to two weeks or longer to get equipment in there and change out everything we need to replace.”

The Sinton, Texas-based distribution co-op lost service to about 8,000 of its 11,000 meters after Hurricane Harvey roared ashore at about 10 p.m. CDT Aug. 25. The Category 4 hurricane, with maximum sustained winds of 130 mph, made initial landfall at Rockport, just northeast of Corpus Christi.

San Patricio Electric was able to restore service to about 4,000 meters soon after its transmission provider re-energized substations in the area. But repairs to damaged transmission were still underway throughout the weekend. Power restoration to the remaining 3,500 affected meters could not begin until that work is completed, Hughes said. The co-op was working to get power to about 2,600 meters on Aug. 28.

Victoria Electric Cooperative was hit hard as the hurricane pushed inland early Aug. 26. It lost power to more than 23,000 meters as the hurricane stalled north of its headquarters in Victoria.

“Yesterday was assessment and that’s continuing today, but today we are starting to rebuild and restore our system slowly,” said Nina Campos, manager of human resources and communications at Victoria Electric. As of Aug. 28, the co-op has restored power to roughly 1,000 members, and called in 166 linemen from neighboring coops to help speed up the restoration process.

“This was a very different storm that I don’t think anyone could have prepared for,” said Campos. “We’ve had an unbelievable amount of rain and extremely damaging winds. Several areas of our service territory are flooded or flooding now.”

Neighboring Guadalupe Valley Electric Cooperative reported more than 15,000 outages at the height of the storm. That number was down to just over 7,500 by midday Aug. 27 and about 2,600 by midday Aug. 28.

“The storm touched every single part of our service territory,” said Tammy K. Thompson, corporate communications and public relations manager for the Gonzales, Texas-based co-op. “We’ve got about 40 personnel in the field right now.”

“Our crews and contractors will be working until sundown and we’ll assess how we’ll proceed from there,” Thompson said.

Co-ops officials also warned members that flooding in some areas would slow or delay restoration because of difficulties maneuvering bucket truck and other heavy equipment in soaked or muddy ground.

“We have several outages in areas that we can’t even get to in order to begin damage assessment,” said Will Holford, spokesman for Bluebonnet Electric Cooperative. The Bastrop-based co-op restored service to circuits serving about 7,000 of its more than 84,000 meters, with only a handful still out by mid-afternoon Aug. 28.

Crews work from an air boat to restore power to Bluebonnet Electric Co-op members. (Photo By: Bluebonnet Electric Co-op)

“We’ve got crews in the field and we’re in contact with public safety and highway department personnel who will let us know when the water has receded,” said Holford. “That’s when we can get in and assess damage, make repairs and get everybody’s power back on.”

Nueces Electric Cooperative in Corpus Christi reported almost all of nearly 5,000 affected members were back on the grid by the evening of Aug. 27.

While co-ops will keep crews in the field until all members who can receive service safely have power restored, many homes and businesses inundated by flooding may have potential damage to their electric systems. Those who’ve suffered property damage might need to have their wiring checked out by qualified electricians, co-op officials said.

While Texas Electric Cooperatives has been prepared to help coordinate mutual aid crews, only Victoria Electric has requested help through the statewide association. Hardware and other restoration supplies are being dispatched as needed from the statewide’s manufacturing and distribution division.

Electric cooperatives serving members in the effected areas also continue to work with the Electric Reliability Council of Texas, which coordinates the state’s power grid. About 300,000 meters, primarily served by investor-owned utilities, were out of service at midday Aug. 27.

ERCOT officials have warned that more outages were likely to occur in the state due to flooding and other storm-related problems.

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Editor’s note: This story was updated Aug. 28 to reflect changing outage numbers.

Read and view all of our Hurricane Harvey coverage.

The path of Hurricane Harvey (Image by: NOAA)

Electric cooperatives in Texas and Louisiana are preparing for a historic, long duration storm as Hurricane Harvey churns towards the Texas coastline.

The National Hurricane Center is expecting “catastrophic” flooding as the Category 3 hurricane dumps as much as 35 inches of rain in some parts of southeast Texas.

Co-ops that might be affected by high winds, heavy rainfall and flooding are prepared to begin damage assessment and power restoration when conditions allow. However, they have also advised members to be prepared for the possibility of extended outages, given the magnitude of the storm.

“We are expecting significant damage in our service territory due to Hurricane Harvey. However, our employees are prepared to work diligently and safely to restore power to each and every one of our members,” said Ron Hughes, general manager of Sinton-based San Patricio Electric Cooperative. Hughes said the area is under a mandatory evacuation, though some linemen remain on duty to respond to outages until it is no longer safe to do so.

According to the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association, co-ops in 15 states from as far away as Michigan, are holding daily conference calls to coordinate the deployment of the co-ops’ mutual assistance program.

In addition to those calls, NRECA and impacted co-ops are participating in daily calls with the Electric Subsector Coordinating Council and key government agencies.

“Keeping members and employees safe before, during and after what experts believe could be a historic and devastating storm is every co-op’s highest priority,” said NRECA CEO Jim Matheson. “If Hurricane Harvey stays in the area as predicted, significant flooding may occur. Given the length of time the hurricane may stay over southeast Texas, patience is important as co-ops work together to safely restore power.”

Co-ops pioneered the electric utility mutual assistance program, which allows co-ops to send crews, equipment and other aid to the disaster zone. Working to restore power in the wake of hurricanes or other major disasters is a team effort, particularly after a historic and long-duration event like Hurricane Harvey.

“In addition to the cooperative’s crews, which are already prepared for the storm, several hundred contracted line technicians will be staged and ready to respond if needed,” said Keith Stapleton, chief communications officer at Sam Houston Electric Cooperative in Livingston. “Additional system operators will also be on duty in dispatch until the storm passes.”

Derrill Holly is a staff writer at NRECA.

Read and view all of our Hurricane Harvey coverage.

Download the Cybersecurity Resiliency document as a PDF.

Protecting the nation’s complex, interconnected network of power plants, transmission lines and distribution facilities is a top priority for electric cooperatives and other segments of the electric power industry.

The electric power industry continuously monitors the electric grid and responds to events large and small. Consumers are rarely aware of these events because of system resilience supported by planning, coordination and response/recovery efforts. In rare cases where an event does impact electric service, industry resilience and preparedness ensures service is promptly restored in most cases.

A high level of resilience is built into the power supply system to protect against extreme weather events, vandalism and major equipment failure. This concept is often referred to as defense in depth, and is also used for cybersecurity.  In general, this means that multiple layers of protection safeguard assets from cyber threats.

Co-ops’ Flexible, Comprehensive Protection Strategy 

The possibility of a cybersecurity attack impacting grid operations is something for which the power sector has been preparing for years. These preparations include:

• Implementing rigorous security standards and technology to protect systems,
• Forging close partnerships to protect our systems and respond to incidents, and
• Engaging in active information sharing about threats and vulnerabilities.

As threats and threat actors continue to evolve, so must the industry’s capability to defend against them. Maintaining the resilience and security of the electric grid requires a flexible approach that draws on a variety of tools, resources and options.

The protection and security of consumer-members’ assets is paramount for electric cooperatives.  NRECA, its member cooperatives, industry partners and government agencies work closely to develop flexible, effective approaches to protecting the electric system.  Electric cooperatives are taking the following steps to protect their critical assets:

• Electricity Sector Cybersecurity Capability Maturity Model – Developed by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), this tool provides utilities the framework for performing a comprehensive self-assessment of their current cybersecurity plans and procedures. Electric cooperatives were among the first utilities to pilot and use the tool, which assists organizations in evaluating, prioritizing and improving their cybersecurity capabilities.

• NRECA’s Guide to Developing a Cybersecurity and Risk Mitigation Plan and Template helps cooperatives improve their security posture while ensuring that security is not undermined as new smart grid components and technologies are integrated into the electric grid.

• Rural Cooperative Cybersecurity Capabilities Program is an NRECA-led program aimed at helping small- and mid-sized cooperatives develop cyber resiliency and security programs. The program provides training and guidance to assist cooperatives in assessing their cybersecurity risks, and enhancing their cybersecurity capabilities to prevent and mitigate cyber incidents. While focused mainly on co-ops with smaller information technology staffs, these products and materials are available to help all cooperatives.

• Cyber Mutual Assistance programs: Electric cooperatives and other utilities have a collaborative approach to emergency management and disaster recovery. Following a physical disaster, cooperatives rapidly deploy support staff and equipment to emergency and recovery zones to assist other cooperatives and utilities when needed. The Electricity Subsector Coordinating Council’s (ESCC’s) Cyber Mutual Assistance (CMA) program is a natural continuation of the electric power industry’s longstanding approach of sharing critical personnel and equipment when responding to emergencies.

• Cybersecurity Research and Development: NRECA works with DOE, National Laboratories, the Department of Defense, research universities and industry partners to develop cybersecurity technologies that benefit electric utilities. Two technologies are currently in development.

• Essence is a technology to monitor traffic on a utility network and flag anomalous activity that could indicate a security breach.

• Simba is a technology to develop a rapid cybersecurity testing capability using software that can process a year’s worth of data in less than an hour. One of the primary research goals is to dramatically reduce the time it takes for utilities to detect cyber-threats.

Industry, Government Collaboration Enhances Grid Security

Electric cooperatives work closely within the electric industry and with federal agencies on matters of critical infrastructure protection, including sharing needed information about potential threats and vulnerabilities on the electric system.

NERC Standards: Approximately 60 generation and transmission cooperatives and 60 distribution cooperatives must comply with North American Electric Reliability Corporation’s (NERC’s) electric reliability and cybersecurity standards, based on the criticality of the assets they own and operate. These standards require the operators of power plants and transmission networks to establish plans, protocols and controls to safeguard physical and electronic access to these systems. NERC also has an alert system that provides the electric sector with timely and actionable information when a standard may not be the best method to address a particular event or topic.

The Electric Sector Coordinating Council allows the utility sector to work with federal government leadership to coordinate policy-level efforts to prevent, prepare for, and respond to national-level incidents affecting critical infrastructure.  NRECA, other trade associations and industry work with government agencies to improve cybersecurity through the council. These efforts include planning and exercising coordinated responses, and ensuring that information about threats is communicated quickly among government and industry stakeholders.

The Electricity Information Sharing and Analysis Center, operated by NERC, collects and promptly disseminates threat indicators, analyses and warnings from a variety of private sector and government resources to assist electric sector participants in taking protective action.  The center also manages the Cybersecurity Risk Information Sharing Program, a public-private partnership that shares actionable threat information. The program uses advanced data collection technologies, analysis and dissemination tools to identify threat patterns and trends across the electric power industry with near real-time exchange of information.

Top scientists and engineers are urging government and industry to work together to harden and reshape the nation’s power grid with a goal of adding resiliency and agility to survive and recover from natural and manmade threats.

“Increased collaboration between the government and power providers is essential as we consider opportunities to further protect the grid,” said Craig Miller, NRECA’s chief scientist. “Fortunately, that collaboration already exists on a number of levels, both within the electric sector and among industry and government agencies.”

Miller was among a panel of experts convened by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a study on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy and make recommendations to improve grid security and assess potential vulnerabilities.

“Those include natural disasters, physical attack, and cyber attack,” said Miller. “The question we at the National Academy addressed is how to respond more effectively to failure when it does occur and restore power more quickly.”

The committee focused on reducing the nation’s vulnerability to large blackouts that extend over several states and last at least three days. The report called for improvements in the process of systematically envisioning and assessing long-term disruptions and developing strategies to mitigate damage and economic disruption and protect lives and property.

“Outages caused by natural disasters are more common than one might think,” said M. Granger Morgan, professor of engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, who chaired the committee. “While the U.S. has not been subject to a large physical assault or cyberattack, both pose serious and growing risks.”

The 297-page report recognized the work being done by co-ops to promote advancements in cybersecurity, noting that NRECA “is undertaking a range of research activities that adopt a longer-term perspective.”

It also outlined multi-tiered strategies for addressing potential problems, including more cooperation among stakeholder and stepped-up coordination on threat assessment, training and joint recovery planning.

“Too often in the past, the United States has made progress on the issue of resilience by ‘muddling through,’ ” the panel wrote, adding that such an approach is no longer tolerable.

The report envisions a broader role for DOE and calls for more coordination between the department and the Department of Homeland Security on identifying, upgrading and maintaining back-up assets.

“DOE should support a number of research, development, demonstration, and convening activities to improve the resilience of grid operations and recovery steps,” the report stated.

That begins with planning and preparation in advance of failure to address the threats we can expect such as local flooding in low-lying areas and the flexibility to respond when we are faced with unexpected challenges, said Miller.

Major emphasis was placed on the need for research involving both government and industry, including NRECA and its member cooperatives.

“Resilience continues through the life cycle of a disaster to learning from experience to respond better the next time,” Miller added. “Whether problems arise from sabotage or an electromagnetic pulse, we need responsive strategies.”

Derrill Holly is a staff writer for NRECA.

Summary: NRECA’s Rural Cooperative Cybersecurity Capabilities Program (RC3) supports cooperatives as they work to improve the cyber and physical security of their organizations.

The Bottom Line: Cybersecurity challenges are increasing for all segments of American society and electric cooperatives are no exception.

• When integrating new software and hardware into existing systems, electric cooperatives often modify and extend their communications and operational networks. These changes offer significant benefits to a cooperative, but they can also create new vulnerabilities.

• Cyber attacks are becoming more sophisticated. The economic incentives for criminal attacks, such as ransomware, continue to drive malicious intrusion and data theft.

• Cyber incidents can result in lost productivity and potentially service disruption. All co-ops, regardless of size, need to take ongoing steps to ensure the security of their data and operational systems.

• RC3 is focused on developing cybersecurity tools and resources that are applicable for small- and mid-sized cooperatives that have few or no information technology staffers and limited access to cutting-edge cybersecurity service providers because of their location.

Background:
• In 2016, NRECA along with American Public Power Association (APPA) received funding through a collaborative partnership with the U.S. Department of Energy’s Cybersecurity for Energy Delivery Systems (CEDS) program. As a result of the funding, NRECA independently created RC3, but continues to collaborate closely with APPA on cybersecurity issues.

• The RC3 Program recognizes that cybersecurity is not an information technology challenge. Like safety, it is a team effort that requires directors, managers, and all the staff across the cooperative to be aware and vigilant to prevent and quickly mitigate incidents.

• The RC3 Program is dedicated to promoting a culture of security and resiliency within the electric cooperative community and has four main areas of focus: Advancing Cyber Resiliency and Security Assessments; Onsite Vulnerability Assessments; Extending and Integrating Technologies; and Information Sharing.

• There are many opportunities for cooperatives to participate in and benefit from the RC3 Program including four summits throughout 2017.

• As the RC3 Program produces new tools, educational materials, guidance publications, case studies, and summaries of research and lessons learned, these resources will be made available to all NRECA members on cooperative.com, our member website.

Credit: NRECA Business and Technology Strategies Unit, May 2017

Energy Secretary Rick Perry hailed America’s electric cooperatives for delivering affordable, reliable electricity across the country and encouraged them to advocate on their challenges, especially grid security.

“You are a unique group of people,” Perry said in his address to more than 2,100 co-op leaders gathered for NRECA’s Legislative Conference in Washington, D.C. “You need to be part of this conversation.”

Perry recalled the electrification of his home as a child in rural Texas and underscored the importance of using all domestic energy resources available to power America and ensure grid reliability.

“We want energy that is made in America, that is good for America and good for American jobs,” he said.

Perry said going forward, Department of Energy research will be conducted in areas that are “most promising,” adding that the department is “not going to have any sacred cows.” As governor of Texas, Perry oversaw the state’s nation-leading development of wind energy.

“We need to stop having an either-or debate about renewable energy and fossil fuels. We don’t need to choose,” he said. “We can have both. When we choose both, we get to assist in the development of both.”

Perry said President Trump is committed to an all-of-the-above energy strategy for America.

“The president made one request: Let’s not just make America energy independent. Let’s make American energy dominant,” he said.

The secretary singled out cybersecurity as a key concern and complemented NRECA’s Rural Cooperative Cybersecurity Capabilities Program.

Known as RC3, the program is part of a broader DOE initiative and will help provide rural co-ops with tools and resources to strengthen their cybersecurity efforts to protect the grid.

Perry also recognized the Electricity Subsector Coordinating Council as a resource for electric co-ops to address cybersecurity issues, calling it the “primary liaison between co-ops and the federal government.”

Perry met in March with ESCC co-chairman Duane Highley, president and CEO of Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corp. in Little Rock. The council is a public-private partnership for critical infrastructure owners and operators on cybersecurity policy issues.

“If we don’t have a secure, reliable, affordable energy foundation in this country, our economy … [is] in jeopardy,” he said.

Cathy Cash is a staff writer at NRECA.

ARLINGTON, Va. — The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) today announced a collaboration between N-Dimension Solutions, Inc., Milsoft Utility Solutions, and NRTC to develop “REACT”, a tool to rapidly detect cyberattacks and compromised utility systems.

REACT will advance the technologies of Essence, a prototype cybersecurity technology, with the Team’s existing commercial technologies in order to dramatically reduce the time it takes to detect a cybersecurity breach. REACT has the potential to benefit more than 3,000 utilities across the country.

“We are excited to work with NRECA and the rest of the REACT team to take our existing cybersecurity technology, enhance it, and create the next generation of cybersecurity solutions for utilities,” said Tom Ayers, President and CEO of N-Dimension.

Steve Collier, Director of Smart Grid Strategies at Milsoft agreed. “This is an unprecedented project that will enable our customers to benefit from enhanced cybersecurity”.

As Doug Lambert, NRTC’s Director of Technical Solutions, explained, “This technology is cutting-edge. REACT will be faster and more responsive than any other product out in the market today.”

REACT is funded by a competitive grant from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability. The program is managed by NRECA’s Business and Technology Strategies (BTS) unit. BTS provides guidance to electric cooperatives to help them make sound decisions, embrace opportunities, solve industry challenges, and continue to provide affordable and reliable electrical power.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

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In the letter linked below, NRECA CEO Jim Matheson commends the House Subcommittee on Energy for its hearing on “Modernizing Energy and Electricity Delivery Systems: Challenges and Opportunities to Promote Infrastructure Improvement and Expansion.” Matheson goes on to present co-op positions on issues related to grid modernization and expresses NRECA’s willingness to work with the Subcommittee to develop legislation to address those issues and others.

Grid Modernization Letter (PDF)

ARLINGTON, Va. – Speaking on behalf of America’s Electric Cooperatives, National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) CEO Jim Matheson issued the following statement on the Department of Energy (DOE) Quadrennial Energy Review 1.2, the second installment of a comprehensive review of the nation’s energy landscape.

“America’s electric cooperatives appreciate the Department of Energy’s willingness to listen to stakeholders and take a fresh, open-minded and comprehensive look at the nation’s energy landscape.

“Electric cooperatives strongly agree that strengthening cybersecurity is a high priority. Electric cooperatives have made substantial progress advancing their cybersecurity capabilities. While physical and cyber threats are constantly changing, co-ops are united in a coordinated effort across the electric sector to protect the reliability of the electric grid from threats.

“NRECA supports the existing North American Electric Reliability Corp. standards-setting process. In the event of an emergency, DOE has new authority under the FAST Act to direct industry to put in place temporary measures. We are concerned by any recommendations that would alter or circumvent these existing and effective processes.

“We concur wholeheartedly with the view that both electricity and broadband are vital to securing the future of rural communities. We therefore echo the call to strengthen the rural electric grid and extend broadband to the thousands of communities still lacking access to high-speed internet.

“Also, more broadly, cooperatives are encouraged by the Department’s emphasis on leveraging the value of electricity to the economy. Thanks in no small part to DOE-sponsored research, automation, data analytics, energy storage, renewable resource development and efficiency have contributed to making the electric system a lot smarter. It is in the national interest to take advantage of these advances. With smart policies and smart investments, broader electrification of systems throughout the economy – public transportation, for example — could keep costs down, create jobs and help reduce emissions.”

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

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MYRTLE BEACH, S.C.—Joe Brannan, executive vice president and CEO of North Carolina’s Electric Cooperatives, recalled an urgent early morning call from his IT group. A cyber vulnerability had been discovered.

Joe Brannan of North Carolina's Electric Cooperatives says co-ops need a culture of cybersecurity. (Photo By: NCEC)

But because the cooperative has a policy in place to fast-track security responses and protect systems, the vulnerability was isolated quickly and no data was compromised.

“You can’t just patch systems in society today. You have to have a plan,” said Brannan. “You have to have a crisp assessment to make a decision.”

Cybersecurity as a means to keep electric cooperatives safe from attacks to steal critical data or take down power lines requires more than an IT department. It demands a culture.

That’s the message Brannan, Jack Reasor, CEO of Old Dominion Electric Cooperative, and Mike Couick, CEO of The Electric Cooperatives of South Carolina, shared with IT and cybersecurity co-op professionals at the 2016 Technology Conference. North Carolina’s Electric Cooperatives, based in Raleigh, sponsored the 14th annual conference.

Brannan advised participants that now is the time to raise awareness with their boards that a cybersecurity policy and mandatory training of all co-op staff are necessary.

Cybersecurity “has to be embedded in our culture,” said Brannan. “As personnel change, as processes change, do we really have it embedded in the co-op?”

Reasor agreed. IT plays a “critical role but that is only one party to the team in finding solutions,” he said. “CEOs can be slow on the uptake of what risks like this we face. We look to you to help us.”

Reasor, whose co-op is headquartered in Glen Allen, Virginia, outlined the work the utility industry, along with other industries and government agencies, is doing to try to identify these cybersecurity risks and exposure.

Couick underscored that boards must be apprised of cyber threats and encouraged to embrace technologies and processes to prevent them. Members will be patient with co-ops that charge ahead to address cybersecurity, but less so “if we pull back on the future,” he said.

“Cyber threats are like a Category 5 hurricane [forecast] that never goes away,” said Couick, who heads the statewide association in Cayce, South Carolina. “You don’t know when it’s going to hit and you don’t know where it’s going to hit.”

Hackers can hide inside a network on average for 140 days before detection, allowing them to cause profound damage, said Jim Spiers, NRECA vice president of Business and Technology Strategies.

With $7.5 million in support from the Department of Energy, NRECA plans to work with co-ops across the board over three years to identify the best practices, technologies and ideas to defend against cyber attacks, detect intrusions and recover from them.

“How can we thwart intrusions, shorten the 140 days if they occur and recover quickly?” Spiers asked the conference. “That needs to be part of the culture, part of everyone’s jobs. Just like safety.”

“We learn from each other,” Brannan added. “We can’t point to any one group and say, ‘IT, it’s your problem.’ ”

(ARLINGTON, Va.) – Electric cooperatives in Florida, Georgia and the Carolinas are preparing for Hurricane Matthew, coordinating with state, local and federal agencies and readying restoration efforts.

In advance of the storm, co-ops have activated mutual assistance plans to send trucks, line crews and administrative staff and supplies to affected co-ops. This mutual assistance program stems from cooperative principle number six – “Cooperation Among Cooperatives” – part of the cooperative difference.

Co-op crews from Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Kentucky, Ohio and Tennessee are coming to assist Florida co-ops affected by the storm. “As the weather models changed to show the hurricane affecting more Florida co-ops, the willingness of so many co-op crews to come here on very short notice has been a wonderful gift,” says Bill Willingham, general manager of the Florida Electric Cooperative Association.

Similarly Georgia and South Carolina co-ops are making their own preparations. Lineworkers in North Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky and Florida are secured and ready to assist any electric cooperatives that might need assistance after the storm.

“Our preparations began last weekend,” said Todd Carter, vice president of loss control and training at The Electric Cooperatives of South Carolina, the state association of electric cooperatives. “As soon as a damaging weather event becomes a possibility, we activate a long-standing, formal agreement with multiple surrounding states. We reserve repair crews and plan for them to be close to at-risk areas after a storm passes.”

“For member-owned, not-for-profit electric co-ops, keeping consumer members safe during storms is absolutely the highest priority,” said National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) CEO Jim Matheson. “Co-ops located in coastal areas understand that hurricane preparation is key to providing safe, reliable and affordable electricity to their members. They are already educating their members about electrical safety and preparedness using a variety of channels, including social media.”

In addition, staff members at NRECA are coordinating with federal agencies, including the Department of Energy and the Federal Emergency Management Administration.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

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(ARLINGTON, Va.) — National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) CEO Jim Matheson today issued the following statement about what’s at stake for America’s electric co-ops in the Clean Power Plan case, to be argued tomorrow before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit.

The Supreme Court heard us, as will the D.C. Circuit

“NRECA and thirty-nine generation and transmission cooperatives petitioned the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals to reject the Clean Power Plan, because the final rule exceeds EPA’s authority. And as our counsel will argue before the D.C. Circuit, the final rule is so different from the agency’s original proposal that it violates EPA’s legal obligation to provide adequate notice of, and opportunity for public comment on, the rulemaking, among other flaws.

“When we asked the Supreme Court to stay the Clean Power Plan, the court took the extraordinary step of halting the rule in its tracks until the litigation played out. The justices’ decision was every bit as unprecedented as the Clean Power Plan itself and an indication of serious flaws in the rule. We’re confident we will prevail on the merits as well.

Co-ops hit especially hard by EPA legal overreach

 “America’s electric co-ops have a lot riding on how the Clean Power Plan litigation plays out, because the rule hits not-for-profit, consumer-owned electricity providers and their members especially hard. Instead of crafting sensible regulations to address power plant carbon emissions, EPA issued a rule that would significantly restructure the power sector, far exceeding its legal authority and burdening electric co-ops with a disproportionate share of the costs.

“The rule would force many co-ops to prematurely shutter coal-fired power plants on which they’re still repaying loans. Members of those co-ops would be charged twice for their electricity—once to continue paying down the loans on assets that are no longer generating revenue, and again for the cost of purchasing replacement power from somewhere else.

Low-income consumers at risk

“We’re especially concerned about the burden on low-income families. Electric cooperatives serve 93 percent of the nation’s persistent poverty counties, so we recognize first-hand the importance of affordable power. And unlike investor-owned utilities, co-ops don’t have shareholders or excess revenues to help offset the rule’s costs—those costs are borne entirely by their consumer-members.

We were told to build coal, and did

“Ironically, many of the co-op facilities threatened by the Clean Power Plan were built during a period when Presidents Ford and Carter and Congress told co-ops and other utilities to build coal-fired power plants. In fact, the Powerplant and Industrial Fuel Use Act of 1978 essentially placed natural gas, one of the fuels of choice today, off limits. The Act was implemented just as co-ops needed to build more generation to meet growing demands.

We’re pursuing renewables, efficiency to benefit members

“That said, co-ops are investing heavily in renewables and energy efficiency. More than 95 percent of co-ops provide electricity generated by renewable energy resources. We currently own or purchase about 17 gigawatts of renewable energy capacity and have plans to add nearly 2 gigawatts more.

“We have 195 megawatts of solar capacity online, more than 470 megawatts on the drawing board and lead the sector in community solar. And 82 percent of electric co-ops offer members some type of energy efficiency program, many of which include rebates for efficient appliances and other incentives. Co-ops also lead in community storage, which can help integrate renewables into the electricity grid.”

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

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The Saturday began not unlike any other summer day at Vermont Electric Cooperative.

Then the military helicopter showed up.

That was just one unexpected event to unfold at the Johnson co-op throughout a full-scale physical and cyber management training exercise sponsored by the U.S. Northern Command of the National Guard.

Three years in the planning, Vigilant Guard 2016 involved 20 co-op personnel working with the National Guard and state emergency officials to test preparedness for both natural disasters and a cyber attack on the electric grid. Participants in the July 30-31 event met unprecedented challenges on various fronts.

Maj. Gen. Steven Cray, who arrived by helicopter and toured VEC’s control center with other military personnel, brought highly specific computer and cyber expertise and provided information and valuable feedback to VEC after the exercise, co-op officials said.

“Hearing the helicopter approach while we were working, watching it land here, and seeing Maj. Gen. Cray emerge sure added a level of realism to the exercise,” said Kris Smith, manager of SCADA and operations engineering at VEC.

Aftershocks of a mock earthquake caused a rockslide to shut down essential communications systems as VEC staff battled a cyber attack to the grid to prevent any interruption of electric service.

“Once the mock cyber attack was announced we invoked an operating procedure that had never been tested,” said Robert Stein, VEC manager of information technology.

In a field outside VEC headquarters, co-op staff manipulated the National Guard’s satellite link to pass data short-term in a pinch. All of this occurred while actual co-op crises erupted.

“We had to manage some real business emergencies concurrent with the drill, and that heightened our reactions to all that was happening,” said Stein. “It started to feel quite real at that point. We treated the drill with a serious tone, and it began to feel genuine.”

Cathy Cash is a staff writer at NRECA.

Where’s the cyber crook? Maybe in a basement apartment in the Ukraine. Maybe sipping an espresso at the coffee shop. Maybe at your co-op.

All of those are possibilities, says Barry Lawson; all of those and more, and that’s why electric cooperatives cannot afford to think they’re small fish in the cyber security pool.

“Small and rural does not exclude co-ops from paying attention to cyber security,” said Lawson, NRECA associate director for power delivery and reliability. “Cyber security is important to all co-ops.”

Grid-wide issues are beyond the reach of individual co-ops, whose vulnerabilities lie in other areas, primarily data about their members, Lawson said. An estimated 71 percent of security breaches are reported by small businesses.

For example, most co-ops have online bill paying capabilities. That opens up portals that crooks or hackers might be able to exploit by searching for personal data, Social Security numbers or credit card information. After all, a credit card number can go for $20 to $40 on the black market, Lawson said.

Or a lineman in the field might use a wi-fi signal to relay information back to headquarters—another possible source of trouble. “When you’re at Starbucks or anywhere else you hop on to a wi-fi signal, just remember that there are things you don’t know about that connection.”

It’s not an academic exercise, either, said David Revill, manager of cyber security operations for Tucker, Georgia-based Georgia Transmission Corp. An outside party sent emails to co-op officials from the gatrens.com domain—easily confused with the co-ops’s gatrans.com domain.

But the co-op has regularly conducted cyber training for employees, who picked up right away on the fake domain, enabling GTC to block it.

“This was a success story for us, but that’s not always how things are going to play out,” Revill said.

So what’s a co-op to do?

Train all your employees. That way, co-op employees know that cyber security is not just a responsibility for the IT department, Revill said. “Training and awareness are powerful,” he said. “We know how to do this already because risk management is key to our business every day. We just need to expand it.”

Have a plan. Co-ops have strategic plans and political plans; they should have a cyber security plan, adopted by the board and reviewed regularly, Lawson said. Someone should be in charge—a chief information officer, for example—with a top-down commitment to cyber security. “Everyone from the top of the co-op needs to walk the walk. If senior management doesn’t follow the proper procedures, it’ll be difficult to get other to buy into them,” Lawson said.

Pay a contractor to hack your system. A well-executed hack by a co-op contractor can expose system weaknesses before bad guys exploit them, said Joe Trentacosta, senior vice president and chief information officer at Southern Maryland Electric Cooperative in Hughesville, Maryland. “We get a third-party organization and we hire them to try to penetrate our network from the outside. They simulate what a hacker would do to get into our network,” he said. “They give us a report that says, ‘Here’s where you can make some improvements on the network.’ ”

Use all available tools. Cyber security might be tough for a small co-op to implement on its own. That’s OK. There is plenty of free info from NRECA and its units that can help pinpoint weaknesses and offer remedial action. “We’re all vulnerable,” Lawson said. “The question is what do we do about it?”

Steven Johnson is a staff writer at NRECA.

August 18, 2016 — The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) today announced that the Department of Energy (DOE) will be awarding funding to NRECA to advance “React,” a cybersecurity solution for utilities that monitors IT networks for near real-time detection of possible cyber intrusions.

React is one of twelve projects receiving grants from the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability’s Cybersecurity of Energy Delivery Systems (CEDS) program at the DOE. React builds on a prototype solution, Essence, developed by NRECA in partnership with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Honeywell and Carnegie Mellon University and also funded by the DOE.

React will develop a system for the rapid detection of cyber attacks and compromised systems, and support users in rapid remediation. Under this grant, the NRECA team will make this system available to utilities by incorporating it into commercially-available products. These products will significantly enhance the security of smaller utilities by performing valuable monitoring and analysis of the utilities’ IT system, alerting the utility to the possibility of intrusions.

“We built a powerful prototype in an earlier DOE project. It works. With this project we can work with commercial partners to take it to production. We plan to improve the security of thousands of utilities,” said Jim Spiers, senior vice-president of business and technology strategies at NRECA.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

July 12, 2016—The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) today applauded the Senate’s decision to conference with the House to hammer out differences between the two chambers on an energy bill.

“We’re encouraged that House and Senate lawmakers are serious about trying to produce the first update to our energy policy in nearly a decade,” said NRECA Interim CEO Jeffrey Connor.

“America’s electric cooperatives support efforts to modernize our nation’s energy policy, and we urge the conference committee to develop legislation to speed electricity infrastructure development, promote electric grid reliability and keep electricity affordable for all Americans.”

The Senate passed its Energy Policy Modernization Act (S. 2012) in April. The House originally approved the North American Energy Security and Infrastructure Act (H.R. 8) in December 2015, but adopted additional provisions in May.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

July 12, 2016—Owners and operators of the nation’s electric grid continuously strive to protect it from physical and cyber intrusions, an electric co-op official told Senate lawmakers today.

But the public may be getting a skewed picture of the extent of damage even major grid disruptions are likely to cause.

“Often news headlines about cyber or physical threats to the electric grid focus on far-fetched and sensational scenarios,” said Duane Highley, president and CEO of Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corporation. “While real threats to the grid exist, such worst-case scenarios rarely reflect the true threat environment.”

Highley made his remarks during a Senate Energy and Natural Resources subpanel hearing on guarding against energy disruptions, with a focus on the Securing Energy Infrastructure Act (S. 3018).

He spoke to Energy Subcommittee members about the power sector’s approach to grid security and steps Congress could take to support co-ops and other utilities in these efforts.

Highley said the electricity industry takes a “defense-in-depth” approach to critical infrastructure protection, which encompasses preparation, prevention, response and recovery from a wide variety of potential grid threats.

He also stressed the importance of partnerships and information sharing, noting that NRECA, cooperatives, industry partners and government agencies work closely together to develop effective approaches to protecting the bulk electric system.

Highley co-chairs the Electricity Subsector Coordinating Council, which serves as the power sector’s main policy-level liaison to the federal government.

In closing, Highley thanked lawmakers for enacting legislation to bolster grid protection efforts last year and discussed additional ways legislators can help. He said that while government information provided to the industry about the December 2015 Ukraine event was very helpful, it could have been delivered in a more timely fashion.

And he called on Congress to consider legislation giving the Federal Bureau of Investigation the authority to assist the electricity industry upon request with fingerprint-based, criminal and terrorist database background checks for industry personnel that perform critical functions.

NRECA Receives Cybersecurity Award

In related news, the U.S. Department of Energy today announced $15 million in new funding for NRECA and the American Public Power Association (APPA) to strengthen cybersecurity and physical security at small and mid-sized utilities.

Over the next three years, NRECA will collaborate with APPA to develop security tools and educational resources, update guidelines and training materials.  Cooperatives will assess their cybersecurity programs, identify and address priorities, test strengths and weakness of existing systems, integrate new technologies, and share information that will enable the utility sector as a whole to build on lessons learned.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

July 12, 2016 — The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) today announced that America’s electric cooperatives will be partnering with the Department of Energy (DOE) and the American Public Power Association (APPA) on a new $15 million initiative to strengthen protection of the nation’s electric grid from cyber and physical attack.

“Cooperatives well understand that no utility is immune from attack. We also understand that protecting the electric grid is a challenge the utility sector must solve. By collaborating with our partners, and giving the nation’s more than 900 co-ops access to advanced cyber security technology and training, we can lift all boats,” said NRECA Interim CEO Jeffrey Connor.

Over the next three years, NRECA will use the $7.5 million award to develop security tools, educational resources, updated guidelines and training materials.  Continued investments in the people, processes and technology needed to secure critical infrastructure will strengthen the ability of NRECA’s members to meet rapidly changing cyber security threats.

Cooperatives will assess their cyber security programs, identify and address priorities, test strengths and weakness of existing systems, integrate new technologies, and share information that will enable the utility sector as a whole to build on lessons learned.

Together municipal public power providers and rural electric cooperatives serve approximately 26 percent of the nation’s electricity customers. Electric cooperatives, which collectively cover nearly 75 percent of the nation’s landmass, serve 42 million people in 47 states.  The new effort will help co-ops work collaboratively with APPA members to build and enhance a culture of security, and simultaneously improve resiliency.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives.

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(June 1, 2016) — America’s electric cooperatives have taken numerous steps to prepare for the 2016 Atlantic hurricane season, which runs from today through November 30. Electric co-ops own and operate nearly 40 percent of the nation’s electric distribution infrastructure, which spans 75 percent of the nation’s landmass, including regions frequently affected by hurricanes and tropical storms.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration this year predicts a “near-normal” hurricane season—the past few years saw below-normal hurricane activity—with “a 70 percent likelihood of 10 to 16 named storms (winds of 39 mph or higher), of which 4 to 8 could become hurricanes (winds of 74 mph or higher), including 1 to 4 major hurricanes (Category 3, 4 or 5; winds of 111 mph or higher).”

“Keeping members safe during storms is the highest priority during an imminent threat for the nation’s more than 900 not-for-profit electric cooperatives,” said National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) Interim CEO Jeffrey Connor. “Electric co-ops in coastal states from Texas to Maine routinely update their emergency plans and hold staff briefings on hurricane preparedness before each hurricane season.”

NRECA experts also coordinate and conduct exercises with federal agencies, including the Department of Energy and the Federal Emergency Management Administration, to enhance preparedness initiatives prior to the hurricane season.

And on behalf of the nation’s electric co-ops, NRECA is represented on the Electric Subsector Coordinating Council, which helps prepare disaster-related communications and planning.

In addition, as pioneers of electric utility mutual assistance programs, co-ops routinely lend crews, equipment and provide other help to sister cooperatives working to restore power in the wake of hurricanes or other major disasters, both natural and man-made.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

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(ARLINGTON, Va.) — The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) today applauded Senate passage of the Energy Policy Modernization Act of 2015 (S. 2012), which includes several provisions beneficial to America’s electric co-ops.

NRECA expressed appreciation to Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee Chairwoman Lisa Murkowski (R-Alaska) and Ranking Member Maria Cantwell (D-Wash.) for guiding the bill through the Senate.

“The bill includes a number of provisions that support America’s electric co-ops in their mission to provide safe, reliable and affordable electricity to their 42 million consumer members,” said NRECA Interim CEO Jeffrey Connor. “The bill will help speed infrastructure development, promote reliability of the electric grid, and facilitate renewable hydropower development.”

S. 2012 was approved by the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee last July and must now be reconciled with the House-passed North American Energy Security and Infrastructure Act of 2015 (H.R. 8). The House cleared the measure last December by a vote of 249-174.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

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(ARLINGTON, Va.) — The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) today lauded the Senate’s approval of legislation to improve the permitting process for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The UAV provisions were included in a bill to reauthorize the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).

“Allowing co-op line crews to use UAVs for infrastructure repairs, maintenance and protection will reduce risks to co-op employees, shorten outage times and save money for their member-owners,” said NRECA Interim CEO Jeffrey Connor. “We greatly appreciate Sens. James M. Inhofe (R-Okla.) and Cory Booker (D-N.J.) for championing these provisions.”

NRECA also supports language in the bill that would require the FAA to create a process to restrict UAV use near critical infrastructure, including electricity facilities, in order to help protect critical equipment from unintentional damage by recreational UAV users, as well as intentional damage by bad actors.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

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(WASHINGTON) — Claverack Rural Electric Cooperative President and CEO Bobbi Kilmer today told a House Transportation and Infrastructure subpanel that regardless of the cause of a power outage, restoring service as quickly and safely as possible requires advance planning and coordination across the public and private sectors.

Kilmer made her remarks (PDF) during a hearing of the Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings and Emergency Management on managing the aftermath of a cyber-attack or other disturbance to the electric grid. She spoke on behalf of Claverack, based in Wysox, Penn., and the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA).

“Electric utilities, including co-ops, have spent decades creating redundancies to enhance their security measures, but threats to both physical and cyber security are evolving,” she told lawmakers. “In response, industry continues to work together along with federal, state, and local security and law enforcement agencies to enhance the security of its critical infrastructure.”

Kilmer noted that the Electric Sub-Sector Coordinating Council, the power sector’s principal liaison with the federal government, coordinates policy efforts to prevent, prepare for, and respond to incidents affecting critical infrastructure at the national level. At the local level, Claverack’s statewide association of electric co-ops joins forces with the Pennsylvania utility commission’s Critical Infrastructure Interdependency Working Group, which comprises all utilities and services that would be affected by a major event within the state.

In addition, Kilmer emphasized the importance of “knowing your community,” noting that her co-op’s employees live and work in the neighborhoods they serve. She also highlighted the importance of mutual assistance—agreements under which co-ops and other utilities lend crews or other resources to assist with another power provider’s restoration efforts. In preparation for Hurricane Sandy in 2012, Pennsylvania co-ops secured crews from as far away as Florida to help with recovery efforts. The vast majority of NRECA members participate in mutual assistance agreements.

Whether the issue at hand is a possible attack on the electric grid or the wrath of Mother Nature, Kilmer said the cooperative difference makes all the difference in planning for and responding to major service disruptions.

“Because we are owned by the members we serve, electric cooperatives reflect the values of our membership and are uniquely focused on providing reliable energy at the lowest reasonable cost,” she said. “When the lights do go out, our goal is to minimize any service disruption to our members and the communities in which they live.”

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

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(ARLINGTON, Va.) — The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) today expressed strong appreciation for House passage of the FEMA Disaster Assistance Reform Act of 2015 (H.R. 1471). In addition to reauthorizing the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the bill would expedite the process for electric co-ops and other applicants of obtaining reimbursement for disaster relief efforts by raising the Public Assistance small projects threshold from $35,000 to $1 million.

“Electric co-ops rely on reimbursements by FEMA’s Public Assistance Program for funds to restore electric power after severe disasters, such as floods, hurricanes, tornadoes and ice storms,” said NRECA Interim CEO Jeffrey Connor. “Without FEMA reimbursement assistance, many electric cooperative consumers living in disaster-stricken areas could face higher electricity rates and struggle with recovery, causing a slower return to pre-disaster conditions.”

NRECA strongly supports a provision in the bill that would create a three-year limit for FEMA to reclaim funds, a process known as “deobligation.” FEMA has been able to demand return of previously granted funds due to additional internal review of the original funding decision. In many cases, there is no transparency into these decisions. For electric co-ops—as not-for-profits without reserve funds—this can cause serious hardship with little to no recourse.

NRECA urges swift consideration of the bill by the Senate.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

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(ARLINGTON, Va.) – The Department of Energy’s advanced research group has selected the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association to develop breakthrough data repositories and open-access models of the electric grid—foundational tools that are needed to modernize the country’s electric infrastructure.

NRECA will collaborate with Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is leading two of seven projects receiving a total of $11 million from DOE’s Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E). The agency announced the awards on Friday. A day earlier, DOE announced grants of $220 million for grid modernization projects that seek to improve “resiliency, reliability and security.”

“The project will be built on top of the Open Modeling Framework,” said David Pinney, analytics program manager in NRECA’s Business and Technology Strategies department. “One of the things that ARPA-E and the project partners liked about that software was the way the co-ops had brought a collaborative, online approach to the issues of dynamic powerflow and cost-benefit analysis for emerging technology.”

At present, existing data sets aren’t good enough to test new tools developed to improve the grid. The data sets are outdated, static or too small. They don’t accurately represent the distributed energy resources, smart devices and communications capacity of a complex, interconnected modern grid. To solve that problem, DOE has created the Generating Realistic Information for the Development of Distribution and Transmission Algorithms (GRID DATA) program.

NRECA and PNNL will research and build a pair of advanced tools:

• A Sustainable Data Evolution Technology (SDET) for power grid optimization will create open-access power grid datasets that can be updated by the grid community.
• A Data Repository for Power system Open models With Evolving Resources (DR POWER), an online, community-centered tool that supports large-scale, realistic datasets and data tooling.

“For researchers, [DR POWER] represents a significant improvement over current small-scale , static models that do not properly represent the challenging environments encountered by present and future power grids,” ARPA-E said in a news release.

Working with NRECA and other research partners, ARPA-E seeks to attain “transformational” technological breakthroughs in the energy sector, much the way the agency on which it was modeled, the Defense Department’s advanced research projects agency (DARPA), developed game-changing technologies, including the Internet, automated voice recognition and miniaturized GPS receivers.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

(ARLINGTON, Va.) — The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) today applauded congressional approval of the fiscal year 2016 omnibus appropriations bill, which includes several key provisions sought by electric co-ops.

“We are grateful to lawmakers for recognizing the importance of programs vital to America’s electric co-ops,” said NRECA Interim CEO Jeffrey Connor. “This bill contains a number of critical funding and policy provisions that will ultimately enable not-for-profit, member-owned electric cooperatives to continue providing 42 million Americans with affordable, safe and reliable electricity.”

NRECA supports funding provisions including:

U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA): Co-ops maintain roughly half of the nation’s distribution lines, covering about 75 percent of the country’s land mass. “Electric co-ops depend on USDA Rural Utility Service (RUS) programs to helpfinance affordable electricity generation and distribution and to bring community improvements to rural America,” said Connor. NRECA applauds Congress for funding the RUS Electric Loan Program at a loan level of $5.5 billion, the Guaranteed Underwriter Program at $750 million, and the Rural Economic Development Loan & Grant Program at $33 million.

NRECA also appreciates new funding to implement energy efficiency improvements through the Rural Energy Savings Program. “Combined, these programs will enhance the economic viability of cooperatives and, more broadly, the communities we serve,” said Connor.

Cooperative Development Program (CDP): The bill funds the U.S. Agency for International Development’s CDP at $11 million in fiscal year 2016. CDP is a competitive grants program that supports cooperative development programs and projects overseas implemented by U.S. cooperative organizations. NRECA International has been a partner in this program for more than 50 years. “The cooperative business model is a proven way to lift communities out of poverty through their own self-reliance,” said Connor. “We are proud to have used this model to bring electricity to millions of people around the world through the CDP.”

Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP): Congress designated $3.39 billion for LIHEAP, a program administered by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to help families meet their energy costs. “LIHEAP makes a big difference to people struggling to make ends meet,” said Connor. “Electric co-ops know this first hand, because we serve 93 percent of the country’s persistent poverty counties.”

NRECA supports policy provisions including:

Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act (CISA): Electric co-ops applaud the successful inclusion and passage of cybersecurity legislation in the omnibus bill. “This bipartisan legislation enhances and encourages voluntary multi-directional cyber threat information sharing between the federal government and private entities, including electric co-ops,” said Connor. “The bill preserves existing communications channels and will help bolster our national security posture.”

“Cadillac Tax”: America’s electric co-ops provide health insurance benefits to more than 100,000 employees, retirees and their families who will be hurt by this 40-percent excise tax on “high-cost” health plans. “We applaud postponement of this unfair and burdensome tax, which will disproportionally impact rural communities where limited access makes the cost of health care much higher than in urban areas,” said Connor. “No co-op should be penalized for ‘doing the right thing’ by providing quality and affordable health care plans.”

Sage Grouse Protection: Co-ops welcome language to reinforce a decision by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service not to list the greater sage grouse as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act. “Electric cooperatives across the country have worked to develop conservation plans for various species that will protect wildlife without imposing unnecessary financial burdens on their members,” said Connor.

Hydropower: NRECA is supportive of the Reclamation Safety of Dams provision shielding existing federal hydropower customers from bearing the costs of any potential expansion of reclamation dams for non-hydropower purposes. “The measure ensures that the additional costs of any such expansion will be allocated solely to the beneficiaries of the new construction and not to existing project beneficiaries like current hydro customers,” said Connor.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

(ARLINGTON, VA) —The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) called today’s House votes to block the Clean Power Plan further repudiation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) unlawful climate policy. The plan threatens what matters most to electric co-op member-owners—reliable and affordable electricity.

The House approved two resolutions recently passed by the Senate: one to halt EPA carbon dioxide emissions standards for new power plants, and a second to overturn standards for existing plants. The measures are similar to resolutions sponsored by House Energy and Power Subcommittee Chairman Ed Whitfield (R-Ky.).

NRECA expressed appreciation for Chairman Whitfield’s leadership on this issue, which is of great concern to America’s electric co-ops.

“The Clean Power Plan puts EPA on a collision course with what co-op member-owners care about the most—a reliable and affordable supply of electricity,” said Debbie Wing, NRECA director of media relations.  “The Clean Power Plan will lead to higher electricity prices, force the premature shutdown of power plants and threaten electric reliability. Any way you look at it, it’s a bad deal for rural America.”

NRECA recently conducted a nationwide survey of 750 co-op member-owners to identify what they considered to be the most important factor about their electric service. Reliability ranked the highest, with 54 percent identifying this as their number one priority. Thirty percent of co-op members listed cost as their greatest concern.  Conservation and environmental impact ranked third and fourth, with 9 and 5 percent of respondents listing them as their top priority, respectively.

Last month, 39 generation and transmission cooperatives joined NRECA in petitioning the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit to review the Clean Power Plan.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

(ARLINGTON, VA) — Electric co-ops were well-represented among the 350 organizations that participated this week in a two-day exercise to evaluate and help prepare for potential threats to the electric grid. The exercise, “GridEx III,” simulated physical and cyber attacks on the nation’s power systems, destruction of communication systems, and damage from explosive devices and shootings.

A total of 18 generation & transmission and distribution co-ops took part in the drill, which was spearheaded by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC). NERC said the exercise was designed to “enhance coordination of cyber and physical security resources and practices within the industry, as well as communication with government partners and other stakeholders, including those in Canada and Mexico.”

Duane Highley, president and CEO of Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corporation & Arkansas Electric Cooperatives, Inc., and vice chair of NERC’s Electric Subsector Coordinating Council, took part in the exercise and a related media teleconference. “Simulated exercises such as these allow co-ops to practice contingency and response plans, improve them, and hone our skills to be prepared for potential future events,” he said. “This also gives us the opportunity to improve our coordination capabilities with multiple industry sector partners at the local, state and federal levels.”

Over the last several years, co-ops have worked diligently with the NERC and federal agencies to strengthen reliability standards — including a significant set of cybersecurity standards — to maintain and protect the reliability of the bulk power system.

With funding from the U.S. Department of Energy, NRECA is producing a prototype security system that will rapidly identify network security threats and make it easier to keep networks safe. The Essence team includes Pacific Northwest National Lab, Honeywell and Carnegie Mellon University. The research project runs until March 2016.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.

(ARLINGTON, VA.) Following Senate passage of the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015 (CISA) today, Kirk Johnson, senior vice-president of government relations at the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association, thanked Chairman Richard Burr and Vice Chair Diane Feinstein for bipartisan leadership on a bill to promote multidirectional voluntary information sharing by the government and businesses in response to cyber threats.

“Cooperatives are committed to providing reliable power at the lowest cost to their consumer members and protecting the reliability and security of the bulk power system. Robust, voluntary Information sharing between and among members of the electric sector and government agencies will be absolutely vital to electric utilities, including America’s electric cooperatives. We are grateful to Chairman Richard Burr and Vice Chair Diane Feinstein for their leadership in creating a foundation for effective cybersecurity that also, appropriately, protects individual privacy,” said Johnson.

“The sooner this bill becomes law, the better. We urge the Congress to move forward into conferencing their cybersecurity information sharing legislation and sending a bill to the President’s desk.”

NRECA works closely with its members to promote security and resilience against cyber-attacks.

Over the last several years, cooperatives have worked diligently with the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) and federal agencies to strengthen reliability standards — including a significant set of cybersecurity standards — to maintain and protect the reliability of the bulk power system.

With funding from the U.S. Department of Energy, NRECA is producing a prototype security system that will rapidly identify network security threats and make it easier to keep networks safe. The Essence team includes Pacific Northwest National Lab, Honeywell and Carnegie Mellon University. The research project runs until March 2016.

The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association is the national service organization that represents the nation’s more than 900 private, not-for-profit, consumer-owned electric cooperatives, which provide service to 42 million people in 47 states.